{"id":71679,"date":"2017-11-08T13:36:52","date_gmt":"2017-11-08T13:36:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/megaloblastichna-anemija\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T03:01:39","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T03:01:39","slug":"megaloblastichna-anemija","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/megaloblastichna-anemija\/","title":{"rendered":"Megaloblasti\u010dna anemija"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Megaloblasti\u010dna anemija je tip anemije koji nastaje usled nedostatka vitamina B-12 ili folne kiseline u telu. Vitamin B-12 i folna kiselina imaju klju\u010dnu ulogu u stvaranju crvenih krvnih zrnaca. Nedostatak bilo kojih od njih izazivaju megaloblasti\u010dnu anemiju, kada se abnormalna crvena krvna zrnca (megaloblasti) formiraju u ko\u0161tanoj sr\u017ei, dok je proizvodnja eritrocita smanjena. Stoga krv ne mo\u017ee snabdeti organe sa dovoljno kiseonika.<\/p>\n<p>Ovaj tip anemije se \u010de\u0161\u0107e javlja kod ljudi preko 40 godina starosti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"simptomi\">Simptomi<\/h2>\n<p>Simptomi megaloblasti\u010dne anemije su sli\u010dni tipovima anemije u ranom obliku, ali se razvijaju sporo. Ovi simptomi su:<\/p>\n<p>Umor<\/p>\n<p>Slabost<\/p>\n<p>Bledilo<\/p>\n<p>Gubitak daha, \u010dak i prilikom malih napora<\/p>\n<p>Ubrzani rad srca<\/p>\n<p>S vremenom ovi simptomi se mogu pogor\u0161ati. Nedostatak folne kiseline ne mora uvek da zna\u010di izazivanje dodatnih simptoma, ali nedostatak vitamina B-12 mo\u017ee o\u0161tetiti nervni sistem, sa prate\u0107im simptomima:<\/p>\n<p>Odsustvo ose\u0107aja u rukama i stopalima<\/p>\n<p>Iscrpljenost<\/p>\n<p>Gubitak ravnote\u017ee<\/p>\n<p>Gubitak pam\u0107enja<\/p>\n<p>Zbunjenost<\/p>\n<p>\u017dutica<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"uzroci\">Uzroci<\/h2>\n<p>Uzroci Megaloblasti\u010dne anemije je nedostatak folne kiseline i vitamina B-12. Nedostatak vitamina B-12 je posledica autoimune bolesti, kada telo proizvodi antitela koje mogu da o\u0161tete unutra\u0161nji deo \u017eeluca, i spre\u010di da uzimanje vitamina B-12 iz hranljivih sastojaka. Ovaj tip anemije, poznat kao opasna anemija, mo\u017ee biti nasledna, i \u010de\u0161\u0107a je kod \u017eena sa drugim vrstama autoimunih bolesti, kao Ha\u0161imotov tiroidizam. Drugi uzroci mogu biti:<\/p>\n<p>Celialgija<\/p>\n<p>Operacija abdomena<\/p>\n<p>Anemija<\/p>\n<p>Leukemija<\/p>\n<p>Genetska stanja<\/p>\n<p>Nedostatak folne kiseline je posledica lo\u0161e ishrane, unosa alkohola, trudno\u0107e, bolesti kao \u0161to je psorijaza, lekova (lekovi protiv gr\u010deva ili lekovi protiv kancera)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"faktori-rizika\">Faktori rizika<\/h2>\n<p>Faktori rizika kod megaloblasti\u010dne anemije su:<\/p>\n<p>Pol, genetika, na\u010din \u017eivota<\/p>\n<p>Vegetarijanska ishrana<\/p>\n<p>Trudno\u0107a<\/p>\n<p>Problemi sa crevima<\/p>\n<p>Alkohol, koji spre\u010dava apsorpciju folne kiseline<\/p>\n<p>Lekovi<\/p>\n<p>Le\u010denje kancera<\/p>\n<p>Slab unos vo\u0107a i povr\u0107a<\/p>\n<p>Hemodijaliza<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"komplikacije\">Komplikacije<\/h2>\n<p>Komplikacije nastaju ako se bolest ne le\u010di. To mogu biti:<\/p>\n<p>Trajno o\u0161te\u0107enje nervnog sistema<\/p>\n<p>Rak \u017eeluca<\/p>\n<p>Komplikacije u trudno\u0107i (prevremeni poro\u0111aj, poreme\u0107aj novoro\u0111en\u010deta u mozgu i ki\u010dmenoj mo\u017edini)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"prevencija\">Prevencija<\/h2>\n<p>Prevencija megaloblasti\u010dne anemije mo\u017ee biti neuspe\u0161na, ali mo\u017eete:<\/p>\n<p>Napravite promene u na\u010dinu \u017eivota<\/p>\n<p>Jedete povr\u0107e i vo\u0107e koje ima B-12 vitamin i folnu kiselinu. Ne pijete alkohol<\/p>\n<p>Prestanete sa pu\u0161enjem<\/p>\n<p>Smanjite unos alkohola<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-71679","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Megaloblasti\u010dna anemija - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Megaloblasti\u010dna anemija - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Megaloblasti\u010dna anemija je tip anemije koji nastaje usled nedostatka vitamina B-12 ili folne kiseline u telu. Vitamin B-12 i folna kiselina imaju klju\u010dnu ulogu u stvaranju crvenih krvnih zrnaca. Nedostatak bilo kojih od njih izazivaju megaloblasti\u010dnu anemiju, kada se abnormalna crvena krvna zrnca (megaloblasti) formiraju u ko\u0161tanoj sr\u017ei, dok je proizvodnja eritrocita smanjena. 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Vitamin B-12 i folna kiselina imaju klju\u010dnu ulogu u stvaranju crvenih krvnih zrnaca. Nedostatak bilo kojih od njih izazivaju megaloblasti\u010dnu anemiju, kada se abnormalna crvena krvna zrnca (megaloblasti) formiraju u ko\u0161tanoj sr\u017ei, dok je proizvodnja eritrocita smanjena. 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