{"id":71558,"date":"2017-11-07T16:10:47","date_gmt":"2017-11-07T16:10:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/infarkt-miokarda\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:59:58","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:59:58","slug":"infarkt-miokarda","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/infarkt-miokarda\/","title":{"rendered":"Infarkt miokarda"},"content":{"rendered":"

Infarkt miokarda, \u010de\u0161\u0107e samo sr\u010dani udar, predstavlja stanje prekinutog dotoka krvi do sr\u010danog mi\u0161i\u0107a, odnosno miokarda. Ukoliko se ne odma ne tretira, sr\u010dani udar mo\u017ee izazvati odumiranje dela sr\u010danog mi\u0161i\u0107a do koga je prekinut dotok krvi. Sr\u010dani udar je naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i uzrok smrti na svetu.<\/p>\n

Sr\u010dani udar je izuzetno opasno stanje koje se mora momentalno sanirati, ina\u010de mo\u017ee imati tragi\u010dne posledice po pacijenta. Me\u0111utim, napredovanjem nauke i tehnologije kao i razvojem novih lekova koji spre\u010davaju sr\u010dani udar, znatno je smanjena smrtnost pacijenata.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Simptomi sr\u010danog udara su izuzetno intenzivni i javljaju se iznenadno. Simptomi mogu zna\u010dajno varirati od osobe do osobe \u2013 kod nekih ljudi mogu se javiti znaci upozorenja i po nekoliko dana pred sr\u010dani udar, dok se kod nekih ljudi mo\u017ee javiti bez upozorenja. Simptomi se tako\u0111e mogu razlikovati i kod mu\u0161karaca i kod \u017eena \u2013 kod \u017eena su simptomi nekad bla\u017ei i traju du\u017ee, a kod mu\u0161karaca \u010desto sna\u017eni i iznenadni.<\/p>\n

Neki od tih simptoma mogu biti:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Intenzivan bol i pritisak u grudima koji se mo\u017ee pro\u0161iriti i na vrat i ruke<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pojava bledila i poja\u010danog hladnog znojenja<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gubitak kiseonika<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Umor<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Malaksalost<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mu\u010dnina<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Povra\u0107anje<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Napadi anksioznosti<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Iznenadni napadi panike i strah od smrti<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Uzroci<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Glavni uzrok sr\u010danog udara je koronarna arterijska bolest \u2013 oboljenje koje izaziva su\u017eavanje arterija kojma se srce snabdeva kiseonikom. Koronarna arterijska bolest se naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e javlja kao posledica ateroskleroze. Ateroskleroza je oboljenje sr\u010danih arterija do koga dolazi preteranim nagomilavanjem masnih naslaga i holesterola na zidovima arterija. Vremenom se ove naslage pove\u0107avaju i mogu izazvati pucanje zidova arterija, \u010dime mo\u017ee do\u0107i do stvaranj krvnih uru\u0161aka, tj trombova.<\/p>\n

Ukoliko do\u0111e do pojave tromba, on kroz krvotok mo\u017ee do\u0107i do sr\u010danih arterija i napraviti opstrukciju ili \u010dak potpunu blokadu, koja \u0107e dovesti do sr\u010danog udara.<\/p>\n

Sr\u010dani udar tako\u0111e mo\u017ee biti izazvan i:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Spazmom koronarnih arterija<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kori\u0161\u0107enjem ilegalnih droga<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pucanjem sr\u010dane arterije<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Faktori rizika<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Faktori koji pove\u0107avaju rizik od dobijanja sr\u010danog udara su:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ateroskleroza<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Starost<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hipertenzija (povi\u0161en krvni pritisak)<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Povi\u0161en holesterol<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Povi\u0161eni trigliceridi<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Istorija sr\u010danih oboljenja ili sr\u010danog udara u porodici<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dijabetes<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lupus<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Reumatoidni artritis<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stres<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Konzumiranje ilegalnih droga i opijata<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Komplikacije<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nakon sr\u010danog udara neophodno je odmah uspostaviti normalno kucanje srca. Poreme\u0107aj u ritmu ili brzini kucanja srca nakon sr\u010danog udara mogu imati opasne posledice, pa \u010dak i izazvati drugi sr\u010dani udar neposredno nakon prvog.<\/p>\n

Ostale komplikacije koje mo\u017ee izazvati sr\u010dani udar su:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Onemogu\u0107eno normalno pumpanje srca<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sr\u010dana insufijencija<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mitralna insufijencija<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Defekti septuma<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Perikarditis<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Prevencija<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Sr\u010dani udar se mo\u017ee spre\u010diti redovnom fizi\u010dkom aktivno\u0161\u0107u, zdravom ishranom i uzimanjem odgovaraju\u0107e terapije za oboljenja koja pove\u0107avaju rizik od infarkta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-71558","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nInfarkt miokarda - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Infarkt miokarda - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Infarkt miokarda, \u010de\u0161\u0107e samo sr\u010dani udar, predstavlja stanje prekinutog dotoka krvi do sr\u010danog mi\u0161i\u0107a, odnosno miokarda. 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