{"id":71552,"date":"2017-11-07T15:45:26","date_gmt":"2017-11-07T15:45:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/hipertenzija\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:59:53","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:59:53","slug":"hipertenzija","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/hipertenzija\/","title":{"rendered":"Hipertenzija"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hipertenzija je oboljenje koga karakteri\u0161e stanje konstantno povi\u0161enog krvnog pritiska koje zna\u010dajno mo\u017ee o\u0161tetiti arterije i srce. Ukoliko se hipertenzija ne le\u010di, mo\u017ee do\u0107i do trajnih o\u0161te\u0107enja vida i bubrega. \u0160to je krvni pritisak vi\u0161i ve\u0107e su i \u0161anse da se razviju dodatne komplikacije u krvnim sudovima. Nele\u010dena hipertenzija \u010desto vodi do koronarne sr\u010dane bolesti, sr\u010danog udara ili \u0161loga.<\/p>\n

Kod zravih ljudi \u010desto dolazi do variranja u nivou krvnog pritiska. Pritisak raste za vreme fizi\u010dke aktivnosti ili prilikom stresa, a sni\u017eava se u toku mirovanja. Normalne su i varijacije u pritisku od osobe do osobe, s tim \u0161to je kod starijih i gojaznih ljudi on uglavnom povi\u0161en.<\/p>\n

Krvni pritisak kod zdravih osoba retko prelazi 120\/80 mmHg. Svaka vrednost iznad toga smatra se hipertenzijom. Povi\u0161eni pritisak \u010desta je pojava kod sredove\u010dnih i starih ljudi, i uzrokuje ga zadebljavanje arterija koje nastupa sa godinama. \u0160to su zidovi arterija deblji, tj. \u0161to su one u\u017ee, pove\u0107ava se snaga kojom srce pumpa krv i to rezultira hipertenzijom.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Blago i srednje povi\u0161en krvni pritisak \u010desto nema nikakve simptome, i oni se pojavljuju tek kod ekstremno povi\u0161enog pritiska. To mogu biti:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Glavobolja<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Vrtoglavica<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zamu\u0107en vid<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Krvarenje iz nosa<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

U ve\u0107ini slu\u010dajeva pojava ovih simptoma zna\u010di da je povi\u0161en pritisak ve\u0107 o\u0161tetio arterije ili organe. Hipertenzija se \u010desto naziva \u2019\u2019tihim ubicom\u2019\u2019 jer mo\u017ee izazvati sr\u010dani udar naglo i bez ikakvih prethodnih simptoma.<\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ve\u0107ini slu\u010dajeva hipertenzije se ne zna ta\u010dan uzrok. Smatra se da kvalitet \u017eivota i genetika igraju veliku ulogu u pove\u0107avanju rizika od hipertenzije. Mo\u017ee se javiti i kao posledica:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lekova<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Preteranog konzumiranja alkohola<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Problema sa \u0161titastom \u017elezdom<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kogenitalnih arterijskih defekata<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Problema sa bubrezima<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Faktori rizika<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Faktori koji pove\u0107avaju rizik od hipertenzije su:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Starost<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gojaznost<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Preterani unos soli<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nedovoljan unos kalijuma i vitamina D<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rasa \u2013 \u010de\u0161\u0107e se javlja kod crnaca<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stres<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Genetska predispozicija<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hroni\u010dna oboljenja<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Uzimanje lekova<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Preterano konzumiranje alkohola<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pu\u0161enje<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trudno\u0107a<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Komplikacije<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nele\u010denje hipertenzije mo\u017ee dovesti do:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 O\u0161te\u0107enja arterija, srca i bubrega<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ateroskleroze<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hroni\u010dnog zatajenja srca<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hroni\u010dnog zatajenja bubrega<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Retinopatije<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-71552","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nHipertenzija - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hipertenzija - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hipertenzija je oboljenje koga karakteri\u0161e stanje konstantno povi\u0161enog krvnog pritiska koje zna\u010dajno mo\u017ee o\u0161tetiti arterije i srce. Ukoliko se hipertenzija ne le\u010di, mo\u017ee do\u0107i do trajnih o\u0161te\u0107enja vida i bubrega. \u0160to je krvni pritisak vi\u0161i ve\u0107e su i \u0161anse da se razviju dodatne komplikacije u krvnim sudovima. 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