{"id":71533,"date":"2017-11-06T13:28:56","date_gmt":"2017-11-06T13:28:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/cisticna-fibroza\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:59:36","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:59:36","slug":"cisticna-fibroza","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/cisticna-fibroza\/","title":{"rendered":"Cisti\u010dna fibroza"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cisti\u010dna fibroza je genetsko oboljenje koje remeti funkciju disanja i mo\u017ee biti opasno po \u017eivot. Ovo oboljenje zahvata \u0107elije koje proizvode sluz, znoj i digestivne te\u010dnosti, i izaziva za\u010depljenje plu\u0107a i sistema za varenje. Cisti\u010dna fibroza se nasle\u0111uje atozomno recesivno, i taj defektan (recesivni) gen uti\u010de na proizvodnju sekreta koji postaje gust i lepljiv. Ova gusta sluz lako se lepi za zidove plu\u0107a i pankreasa.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Cisti\u010dna fibroza nastaje kada mutacija CFTR gena stvori protein koji reguli\u0161e unos i sekreciju soli iz \u0107elija. Kao rezultat preteranog unosa soli nastaje gusta sluz u respiratornom, digestivnom i reproduktivnom sistemu.<\/p>\n

Cisti\u010dna fibroza se nasle\u0111uje atozomno recesivno, \u0161to zna\u010di da je moraju imaju oba roditelja. Bolest \u0107e se razviti ukoliko dete nasledi po jedan gen i od majke i od oca. Ako samo jedan roditelj ima ovaj recesivni gen, dete najverovatnije ne\u0107e naslediti ovu bolest. Me\u0111utim, \u010dak i ako ne oboli, dete \u010diji jedan roditelj ima recesivni CFTR gen \u0107e postati nosilac tog gena, i mo\u017ee ga preneti svojoj deci.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Simptoma kojima se manifestuje cisti\u010dna fibroza ima mnogo, i oni mogu zna\u010dajno varirati od osobe do osobe. Nekada se simptomi mogu pojaviti u ranom detinjstvu, a nekada pacijenti iskuse prve simptome tek u kasnoj adolescenciji. Cisti\u010dnu fibrozu naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e primete prvo roditelji, koji osete pove\u0107anu slano\u0107u ko\u017ee kod beba i male dece. Simptomi se tako\u0111e mogu pojaviti u respiratornom ili digestivnom traktu.<\/p>\n

Simptomi respiratornog trakta mogu biti:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 U\u010destali ka\u0161alj<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 U\u010destale infekcije plu\u0107a<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zapu\u0161en nos<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gubitak daha<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Povra\u0107anje<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Slabost i malaksalost<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomi digestivnog trakta su:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Masna stolica izuzetno neprijatnog mirisa<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nemogu\u0107nost odr\u017eavanja telesne te\u017eine<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blokada creva<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zatvor<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u017dutica<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Faktori rizika<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Faktori rizika za oboljevanje od cisti\u010dne fibroze su istorija bolesti u porodici i rasa. Ovo oboljenje je nasledno, a naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e je kod belaca poreklom iz severne Evrope.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Komplikacije<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Cisti\u010dna fibroza mo\u017ee izazvati mno\u0161tvo komplikacija u respiratornom, digestivnom i reproduktivnom sistemu.\u00a0 Neke od njih su:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bronhiekazije \u2013 oboljenje disajnih puteva koje ote\u017eava ulaz i izlaz vazduha iz plu\u0107a<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hroni\u010dne infekcije \u2013 gusta sluz je okru\u017eenje idealno za razvoj gljivica i bakterija koje izazivaju sinuzitis, bronhitis i upalu plu\u0107a<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nazalni polipi \u2013 polipi nastaju kao rezultat hroni\u010dno upaljene i nate\u010dene sluzoko\u017ee nosa<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pneumotraks, tj. pucanje plu\u0107a \u2013 javlja se skoro isklju\u010divo kod starijih ljudi<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zatajenje plu\u0107a \u2013 prestanak rada plu\u0107a usled dugotrajne infekcije<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nutritivni deficit \u2013 nedostak vitamina i minerala usled nemogu\u0107nosti tih nutrijenata da do\u0111u do creva<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dijabetes \u2013 nastaje kada insulin koji se proizvodi u pankreasu ne mo\u017ee da opskrbi ostale organe zbog poja\u010danog prisustva sluzi<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Blokada \u017eeluda\u010dnih kanala \u2013 mogu izazvati probleme sa jetrom i dovesti do stvaranja kamena u \u017eu\u010dnoj kesi<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Neplodnost<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Osteoporoza<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Poreme\u0107en balans elektrolita zbog poja\u010dane slano\u0107e znoja<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Prevencija<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ukoliko postoji istorija ove bolesti u porodici pacijenta, savetuje se ra\u0111enje krvne slike oba partnera ako planiraju pro\u0161irenje porodice. Preko krvne slike se mo\u017ee utvrditi da li oba partnera nose recesivni gen.<\/p>\n

Trudnicama \u010dije bebe imaju pove\u0107an rizik za oboljevanje od cisti\u010dne fibroze savetuju se dodatni testovi kako bi se osigurao normalan razvoj deteta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-71533","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nCisti\u010dna fibroza - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cisti\u010dna fibroza - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cisti\u010dna fibroza je genetsko oboljenje koje remeti funkciju disanja i mo\u017ee biti opasno po \u017eivot. Ovo oboljenje zahvata \u0107elije koje proizvode sluz, znoj i digestivne te\u010dnosti, i izaziva za\u010depljenje plu\u0107a i sistema za varenje. 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