{"id":71532,"date":"2017-11-08T20:04:05","date_gmt":"2017-11-08T20:04:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/polipi-kolona\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:59:35","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:59:35","slug":"polipi-kolona","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/polipi-kolona\/","title":{"rendered":"Polipi kolona"},"content":{"rendered":"

Polipi predstavljaju abnormalan rast benigne mase tkiva. Polipi se mogu razviti u bilo kom organu koji sadr\u017ei krvne sudove, ali naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e nastaju u kolonu, nosu i materici, a ne\u0161to re\u0111e i u stomaku.<\/p>\n

Pod polipima debelog creva uglavnom se misli na male izrasline na unutra\u0161njim zidovima kolona i zadnjeg creva. Ovi polipi uglavnom nisu kancerogeni, ali neki od njih se mogu maligno promeniti tokom vremena. Ukoliko se otkriju polipi, pacijentima se savetuje da ih obavezno otklone, bili oni benigni ili maligni. Ne postoji pravilo koje odre\u0111uje broj polipa koji \u0107e nastati \u2013 neki pacijenti mogu imati samo jedan, dok se drugim pacijentima mo\u017ee razviti veliki broj ovih izraslina. Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i su kod ljudi starijih od 60 godina.<\/p>\n

Postoji tri tipa polipa na kolonu:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Inflamatorni \u2013 nastaju kao posledica ulcerativnog kolitisa ili Kronove bolesti<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Adenomatozni \u2013 naj\u010de\u0161\u0107a su vrsta polipa i najmanja je verovatno\u0107a da postanu kancerogeni, iako su svi maligni polipi adenomatozni po strukturi<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Seratovani \u2013 nazivaju se jo\u0161 i zup\u010dasti i mogu postati kancerogeni; najve\u0107a su vrsta polipa i nalaze se u gornjem delu kolona<\/p>\n

Jo\u0161 jedna stvar koju treba napomenuti je da veli\u010dina polipa pove\u0107ava rizik od njegove malignosti.<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Simptomi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Polipi kolona \u010desto ne izazivaju nikakve simptome i jako ih je te\u0161ko dijagnozirati. Simptomi se uglavnom pojavljuju ukoliko polip postane ve\u0107i ili se pove\u0107a njihov broj, a neki od njih mogu biti i:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rektalno krvarenje<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Krvava stolica ili stolica tamne boje<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hroni\u010dan umor \u2013 javlja se kao posledica anemije i gubitka gvo\u017e\u0111a<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Uzroci<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Jo\u0161 uvek se ne zna \u0161ta ta\u010dno uzrokuje polipe. Faktora koji uti\u010du na stvaranje pogodne atmosfere je mnogo, ali najvi\u0161e pa\u017enje se obra\u0107a starosti pacijenta kao i postojanju ove bolesti u porodici. Polipi tako\u0111e nekad mogu nastati kao posledica nekontrolisanog rasta \u0107elija.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Faktori koji uti\u010du na pove\u0107anje rizika od ove bolesti mogu biti:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Starost \u2013 polipi kolona naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i su kod ljudi starijih od 50 godina<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hroni\u010dno zapaljenje creva \u2013 ukoliko pacijent boluje od ulcerativnog kolitisa ili Kronove bolesti, pove\u0107ane su \u0161anse za razvijanje polipa<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Istorija polipa u porodici<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nasledne bolesti \u2013 pacijenti koji pate od naslednih bolesti poput Lin\u010dovog sindroma ili adenomatozne polipoze \u010desto oboljevaju od polipa<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dijabetes tip 2<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gojaznost<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pu\u0161enje<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Konzumiranje alkohola<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Prevencija<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Najbolji na\u010din za prevenciju pojave polipa i raka kolona su redovne kontrole. Pacijentima se tako\u0111e preporu\u010duje zdrava ishrana sa pove\u0107anim sadr\u017eajem vlakana kao i fizi\u010dka aktivnost.<\/p>\n

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