{"id":71512,"date":"2017-11-07T15:52:24","date_gmt":"2017-11-07T15:52:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/hipoparatiroidizam\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:59:16","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:59:16","slug":"hipoparatiroidizam","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/hipoparatiroidizam\/","title":{"rendered":"Hipoparatiroidizam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hipoparatiroidizam je retko oboljenje tiroidne, odnosno \u0161titne \u017elezde, koje se javlja kada telo prestane da proizvodi dovoljne koli\u010dine paratiroidnog hormona (PTH). Paratiroidni hormon je izuzetno bitan hormon u ljudskom telu \u010dija je funkcija odr\u017eavanje ravnote\u017ee kalcijuma i fosfora u telu.<\/p>\n

Kod ljudi koji pate od hipoparatiroidizma dolazi do stvaranja abnormalno niskog nivoa jonizovanog kalcijuma u krvi i kostima. Nizak nivo kalcijuma dovodi do iznenadnog pove\u0107avanja nivoa fosfora u krvi.<\/p>\n

Hipoparatiroidizam je oboljenje koje se uglavnom le\u010di suplementima koji reguli\u0161u nivo kalcijuma i fosfora u krvi. Te\u017ei oblici ovog oboljenja, kao i oboljenja kojima se ne zna uzrok \u010desto zahtevaju terapiju suplementima do kraja \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Neki od simptoma kojima se ovo oboljenje mo\u017ee manifestovati su:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Parestezija \u2013 ose\u0107aj golicanja ili peckanja u vrhovima prstiju na rukama i nogama, kao i na povr\u0161ini usana<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gr\u010devi mi\u0161i\u0107a u \u0161akama, rukama i grlu, kao i mi\u0161i\u0107a oko usana<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Glavobolje<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Umor i slabost<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Suva ko\u017ea<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bolne menstruacije kod \u017eena<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Krhki i lomljivi nokti<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gubljenje kose i stanjivanje obrva<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Depresija<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u010ceste oscilacije raspolo\u017eenja<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pote\u0161ko\u0107e sa pam\u0107enjem<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Uzroci<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Do pojave hipoparatiroidizma dolazi kada paratiroidne \u017elezde ne proizvode dovoljnu koli\u010dinu paratiroidnog hormona. Niska koli\u010dina paratiroidnih hormona dovodi do padanja nivoa kalcijuma u krvi ispod donje granice \u2013 stanja koje se naziva hipokalcemija. Nizak nivo kalcijuma dovodi do stvaranja problema u krvi i kostima, kao i podizanju nivoa fosfora u krvi \u2013 stanja koje se naziva hiperfosfatemija.<\/p>\n

Smanjena proizvdonja paratiroidnog hormona mo\u017ee nastati kao posledica nekod od slede\u0107ih oboljenja:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ste\u010deni hipoparatiroidizam \u2013 ovo je naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i uzrok oboljenja koji nastaje nakon o\u0161te\u0107enja tkiva paratiroidnih \u017elezda povredom ili operacijom<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Autoimune bolesti \u2013 neke autoimune bolesti mogu izazvati proizvodnju antitela protiv \u0107elija paratiroidnih \u017elezda koje dovode do o\u0161te\u0107enja njihove sposobnosti da proizvode hormone<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nasledni hipoparatiroidizam \u2013 prisustvo odre\u0111enog naslednog gena mo\u017ee dovesti do potpunog odsustva ili deformacije paratiroidnih \u017elezda po ro\u0111enju<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dugotrajna terapija radijacijom \u2013 terapija rendgenskim zracima kojom se le\u010de karcinomi vrata ili lica mo\u017ee o\u0161tetiti paratiroidne \u017elezde<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nizak nivo magnezijuma u krvi \u2013 magnezijum je mineral koji omogu\u0107ava normalnu sekreciju paratiroidnih hormona. Ukoliko je nivo magnezijuma nizak dolazi do smanjenje efikasnosti paratiroidnih \u017elezda<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Faktori rizika<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Faktori koji pove\u0107avaju rizik od nastajanja hipoparatiroidizma su:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Operacije na vratu, pogotovo operacije na ili oko \u0161titne \u017elezde<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Istorija hipoparatiroidizma ili drugih oboljenja \u0161titne \u017elezde u porodici<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Autoimune i endokrine bolesti \u2013 pogotovo Adisonova bolest<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Komplikacije<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Hipoparatiroidizam mo\u017ee izazvati le\u010dive i nele\u010dive komplikacije.<\/p>\n

Le\u010dive komplikacije hipoparatiroidizma su:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tetanija \u2013 bolni spazmi mi\u0161i\u0107a u \u0161akama i prstima koji se mogu pro\u0161iriti i na mi\u0161i\u0107e lica, grla i ruku<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Parestezija \u2013 ose\u0107aj golicanja, bockanja ili peckanja u usnama, jeziku, prstima i stopalima<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Grand mal napadi \u2013 gubitak svesti pra\u0107en konvulzijama<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Slabljenje rada bubrega<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bolesti i defomacije na zubnoj gle\u0111i i korenu zuba<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Artimija<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zatajenje srca<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nele\u010dive komplikacije hipoparatiroidizma su:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nizak rast<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stvaranje depozita kalcijuma u mozgu koji mogu poremetiti ravnote\u017eu<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Katarakte<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-71512","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nHipoparatiroidizam - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hipoparatiroidizam - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hipoparatiroidizam je retko oboljenje tiroidne, odnosno \u0161titne \u017elezde, koje se javlja kada telo prestane da proizvodi dovoljne koli\u010dine paratiroidnog hormona (PTH). Paratiroidni hormon je izuzetno bitan hormon u ljudskom telu \u010dija je funkcija odr\u017eavanje ravnote\u017ee kalcijuma i fosfora u telu. 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