{"id":71486,"date":"2017-11-07T15:06:28","date_gmt":"2017-11-07T15:06:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/gestacioni-dijabetes\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:58:53","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:58:53","slug":"gestacioni-dijabetes","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/gestacioni-dijabetes\/","title":{"rendered":"Gestacioni dijabetes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gestacioni dijabetes je vrsta dijabetesa koji se javlja se vreme trudno\u0107e. Ova vrsta dijabetesa naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e se javlja u drugoj polovini trudno\u0107e, to jest poslednjem tromese\u010dju pred poro\u0111aj. Ne\u0161to re\u0111e se javlja na samom po\u010detku trudno\u0107e.<\/p>\n

Ova vrsta dijabetesa mo\u017ee biti \u0161tetna po zdravlje i majke i bebe ukoliko se ne otkrije i ne le\u010di na vreme. Zahvaljuju\u0107i obaveznim redovnim pregledima trudnica, gestacioni dijabetes se uglavnom otkrije na vreme i lako se mo\u017ee kontrolisati ishranom i odre\u0111enim lekovima.<\/p>\n

Gestacioni dijabetes obi\u010dno nestane sam od sebe nakon poro\u0111aja. Nivo \u0161e\u0107era u krvi se naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e spusti bez lekova u roku od nekoliko dana ili nedelja nakon poro\u0111aja. Postoje slu\u010dajevi gestacionog dijabetesa koji pove\u0107aju rizik od nastajanja dijabetesa melitusa, odnosno dijabetesa tipa 2 kasnije u \u017eivotu.<\/p>\n

Trudni\u010dki dijabetes je relativno \u010desto oboljenje sa izuzetno visokom stopom izle\u010denja. Me\u0111utim, ukoliko se ne le\u010di na vreme, gestacioni dijabetes mo\u017ee dovesti do komplikacija koje rezultiraju mrtvoro\u0111enom bebom ili smr\u0107u novoro\u0111en\u010deta ubrzo nakon ro\u0111enja.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

U ve\u0107ini slu\u010dajeva gestacioni dijabetes ne izaziva primetne simptome. Ova vrsta dijabetesa se obi\u010dno uo\u010di prilikom rutinskog ra\u0111enja krvne slike kod trudnica, kojima se redovno proverava nivo glukoze u krvi. Ukoliko do\u0111e do pojave simptoma, oni su uglavnom vezani sa povi\u0161en nivo \u0161e\u0107era u krvi, i mogu biti:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Suvo\u0107a u ustima<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Poja\u010dana \u017ee\u0111<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 U\u010destalo mokrenje<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Infekcije kvasnicama \u2013 kandidijaza<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Umor<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Zamu\u0107en vid<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Uzroci<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Jo\u0161 uvek nije poznato \u0161ta ta\u010dno uzrokuje gestacioni dijabetes, iako je poznat mehanizam nastajanja ove bolesti.<\/p>\n

U toku trudno\u0107e, placenta proizvodi mno\u0161tvo razli\u010ditih hormona kojima se omogu\u0107ava normalan razvoj ploda. Ovi hormoni \u010desto onemogu\u0107avaju normalno dejstvo insulina u \u0107elijama majke, \u0161to dovodi do pove\u0107anja nivoa \u0161e\u0107era u krvi. Kako plod raste, placenta proizvodi sve vi\u0161e i vi\u0161e hormona, koji mogu potpuno obustaviti proizvodnju insulina kod majke. Ovo mo\u017ee dovesti do problema u razvoju i rastu ploda.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Faktori koji pove\u0107avaju rizik od nastanka gestacionog dijabetesa su:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Starost \u2013 trudnice starije od 25 godina imaju pove\u0107an rizik od ove vrste dijabetesa<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Istorija dijabetesa u porodici<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mrtvoro\u0111ena beba u prethodnoj trudno\u0107i<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ra\u0111anje bebe te\u017ee od 4kg u prethodnoj trudno\u0107i<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gojaznost<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rasa \u2013 ovoj vrsti dijabetesa podlo\u017enije su \u017eene Latinoameri\u010dkog, Indijanskog i Azijskog porekla<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Komplikacije<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ukoliko se gestacioni dijabetes ne le\u010di kako treba, mo\u017ee do\u0107i do zdravstvenih komplikacija i kod majke i kod bebe.<\/p>\n

Komplikacije koje mogu nastati kod majke:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Poro\u0111aj carskim rezom<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Preeklampsija \u2013 povi\u0161en krvni pritisak u toku trudno\u0107e<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pove\u0107an rizik od nastajanja dijabetesa tipa 2 ili gestacionog dijabetesa u slede\u0107oj trudno\u0107i<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Komplikacije koje mogu nastati kod bebe:<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pove\u0107ana te\u017eina bebe<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Povrede prilikom poro\u0111aja zbog veli\u010dine bebe<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Prevremeno ro\u0111enje<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Respiratorni distres sindrom \u2013 nedovoljno razvijena plu\u0107a kod prevremeno ro\u0111enih beba<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nizak nivo \u0161e\u0107era u krvi kod novoro\u0111en\u010dadi \u2013 mogu dovesti do napada<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gojaznost<\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dijabetes tip 2<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Prevencija<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nastanak gestacionog dijabetesa u trudno\u0107i se mo\u017ee spre\u010diti redovnom fizi\u010dkom aktivno\u0161\u0107u i zdravom ishranom. U toku trudno\u0107e ovaj dijabetes se mo\u017ee kontrolisati ishranom i lekovima, \u010dime se tako\u0111e mo\u017ee i umanjiti rizik od ponovnog dobijanja gestacionog dijabetesa.<\/p>\n

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