{"id":71366,"date":"2017-11-07T19:52:56","date_gmt":"2017-11-07T19:52:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/karcinom-dojke\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:57:05","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:57:05","slug":"karcinom-dojke","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/karcinom-dojke\/","title":{"rendered":"Karcinom dojke"},"content":{"rendered":"

Karcinom dojke nastaje iz maligno transformisanih \u0107elija tkiva dojke. Mo\u017ee nastati kod osoba oba pola, iako je u\u010detalost zna\u010dajno ve\u0107a kod osoba \u017eenskog pola. Dojke su izgra\u0111ene od vezivnog tkiva i na hiljade minijaturnih \u017eezda nazvanih lobuli, u kojima se sinteti\u0161e mleko. Kod dojilja, mleko se izlu\u010duje kroz bradavicu kroz sitne cev\u010dice (duktuse). <\/span><\/p>\n

Skrining na karcinom dojki\u00a0 doveo je do zna\u010dajnog pada mortaliteta kod zahva\u0107ene populacije. \u0160to ranije postavljanje dijagnoze\u00a0 pobolj\u0161ava \u0161anse za pre\u017eivljavanje. Kod manjeg broja lu\u010dajeva, karcinom dojke otkriva se tek nakon \u0161to je metastazirao.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sekundarni karcinom dojke, nazvan I uznapredovali ili metastatski karcinom je neizle\u0107iv, te je le\u010denje prevashodno simptomatsko.<\/span><\/p>\n

Postoji nekoliko tipova karcinoma dojki:<\/span><\/p>\n

Duktalni karcinom in situ (DCIS) predstavlja najraniji stadijum karcinoma dojke; kancerske \u0107elije ovog tipa su lokalizovane u duktusima dojke, dok pojam in situ podrazumeva da malign transformisane \u0107elije jo\u0161 uvek nisu invadirale okru\u017euju\u0107a tkiva.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Lobularni karcinom in situ (LCIS) nije tipi\u010dan karcinom dojke; promene su prisutne u \u0107elijama koje okru\u017euju lobuse;\u00a0 u ve\u0107ini slu\u010dajeva LCIS ne progredira u karcinom dojke, iako je redovno pra\u0107enje neophodno \u010dak I zbog postojanja minimalnog procenta za razvoj karcinoma.<\/span><\/p>\n

Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i je invanzivni karcinom dojke u kom su se maligne \u0107elije dispergovale izvan duktusa ili lobulusa u okru\u017euju\u0107e tkivo dojke.<\/span><\/p>\n

Invazivni duktalni karcinom dojke \u010dini oko 80% slu\u010dejave svih tipova karcinoma dojki.<\/span><\/p>\n

Invazivni lobularni karcinom dojke<\/span><\/p>\n

Postoje I netipi\u010dni oblici invazivnog karcinoma dojki:<\/span><\/p>\n

Zapaljenski proces dojki podrazumeva urastanje i opstrukciju limfoglandularnog tkiva ko\u017ee dojki malignim \u0107elijama. <\/span><\/p>\n

Pad\u017eetova bolest dojki podse\u0107a na ekcem ko\u017ee bradavice. \u017denske osobe sa Pad\u017eetovom bole\u0161\u0107u mogu istovrmeno razviti I DCIS ili invazivni karcinom dojki.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/span><\/h2>\n

The symptoms of breast cancer are:<\/span><\/p>\n

Simptomi koji ukazuju na razvoj karcinoma dojke su slede\u0107i:<\/span><\/p>\n

postojanje nodusa u tkivu dojke<\/span><\/p>\n

promena u veli\u010dini ili obliku jedne ili obe dojke<\/span><\/p>\n

krvavi iscedak iz bradavica<\/span><\/p>\n

nodus ili otok u regiji pazuha obostrano ili jednostrano<\/span><\/p>\n

nastanak ta\u010dkastih promen ko\u017ee dojke<\/span><\/p>\n

osip u predelu bradavice<\/span><\/p>\n

promena u izgledu bradavice u vidu uvla\u010denja ka unutra\u0161njem tkivu dojke<\/span><\/p>\n

bol u predelu grudi<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ta\u010dan mehanizam nastanka carcinoma dojki jo\u0161 uvek nije poznat. Pretpostavlja se da kombinacija genetskih i faktora okoline najvi\u0161e doprinosi nastanku karcinoma dojke. <\/span><\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/span><\/p>\n

Faktori rizika za nastanak carcinoma dojki su:<\/span><\/p>\n

Pol \u2013 \u010de\u0161\u0107i kod osoba \u017eenskog pola<\/span><\/p>\n

gender \u2013 more likely in women<\/span><\/p>\n

pozitivna porodi\u010dna anamneza<\/span><\/p>\n

nasle\u0111eni genetski set<\/span><\/p>\n

po\u010detak menstrualnog ciklus pre 12 godine \u017eivota<\/span><\/p>\n

prethodno izlaganje zra\u010denju<\/span><\/p>\n

nuliparnost<\/span><\/p>\n

postmenopauzalna hormonsa terapija<\/span><\/p>\n

konzumacija alkohola<\/span><\/p>\n

gojaznost povezana sa hipersekrecijom estrogena koji pove\u010dava rizik za nastanak karcinoma dojki<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Prevencija<\/span><\/h2>\n

Prevencija karcinoma dojke mogu\u0107a je otklanjanjem \u0161tetnih faktora rizika. Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e se pod tim podrazumeva zdrav na\u010din \u017eivota u smislu pravilne ishrane, adekvatne telesne te\u017eine, redovne fizi\u010dke aktivnosti, smanjenja unosa masnih kiselina kao i prestanak konzumacije alkohola.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-71366","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nKarcinom dojke - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Karcinom dojke - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Karcinom dojke nastaje iz maligno transformisanih \u0107elija tkiva dojke. 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