{"id":71357,"date":"2017-11-09T12:51:49","date_gmt":"2017-11-09T12:51:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/ramsay-huntov-sindrom\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:56:57","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:56:57","slug":"ramsay-huntov-sindrom","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/ramsay-huntov-sindrom\/","title":{"rendered":"Ramsay Huntov sindrom (Herpes zoster oticus)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ramsay Huntov sindrom (tako\u0111e poznat i kao O\u010dni zoster) je virusna infekcija genikulatnog gangliona facijalnog \u017eivca koja se javlja kada infekcija herpes zosterom zahvati facijalni \u017eivac. \u00a0Ramsay Huntov sindrom je obi\u010dno povezan sa crvenim osipom i plikovima na podru\u010dju uha ili u\u0161ne \u0161koljke, a ponekad i na nepcu ili jeziku. Uzrokovan je reaktiviranjem herpes zoster virusa koji je prethodno kod pacijenta uzrokovao male boginje. Osim bolnog osipa herpes zostera, Ramsay Huntov sindrom mo\u017ee da dovede do facijalne paralize i gubitka sluha u uhu koje je pogo\u0111eno infekcijom. Dakle, virus inficira facijalni \u017eivac koji inervi\u0161e i kontroli\u0161e mi\u0161i\u0107e lica. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/span><\/h2>\n

U nekim slu\u010dajevima, herpes zoster mo\u017ee da dovede do ranih simptoma koji se pojavljuju nekoliko dana pre ispoljavanja bolnog osipa. Me\u0111u te rane simptome spadaju: <\/span><\/p>\n

glavobolja;<\/span><\/p>\n

ose\u0107aj \u017earenja, golicanja, utrnulosti ili svraba ko\u017ee na inficiranom delu tela;<\/span><\/p>\n

op\u0161te lo\u0161e stanje organizma<\/span><\/p>\n

groznica<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Na kraju, ve\u0107ina osoba sa herpes zosterom oseti lokalizovanu \u201ctraku\u201d bola na pogo\u0111enom podru\u010dju. Bol mo\u017ee biti neprekidan, tup ili se mo\u017ee imati ose\u0107aj \u017earenja, a sam njegov intenzitet varira od umerenog do jakog. Bol se re\u0111e javlja kod mladih zdravih ljudi, a kod dece je isto tako retka pojava. Obi\u010dno po\u010dinje da se javlja nekoliko dana pre pojave osipa i mo\u017ee da bude prisutan i do nekoliko dana ili nedelja nakon \u0161to osip se osip povu\u010de. <\/span><\/p>\n

Osip kod herpes zostera nalazi se na jednoj strani tela i razvija se na delu ko\u017ee koja je povezana sa obolelim nervom. Na po\u010detku, pojavljuje se u vidu crvenih bubuljica da bi kasnije prerastao u plikove koji svrbe i koji su sli\u010dni malim boginjama. Novi plikovi mogu da se pojavljuju u roku od nedelju dana, da bi nekoliko dana od nastanka poprimili \u017eu\u0107kastu boju, istanjili se i osu\u0161ili. Istovremeno, pacijent ose\u0107a facijalnu slabost ili paralizu na istoj strani na kojoj je obolelo uho. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ukoliko osoba ima Ramsay Huntov sindrom, ona mo\u017ee da oseti i slede\u0107e simptome:\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Bol u uhu;<\/span><\/p>\n

Gubitak sluha;<\/span><\/p>\n

Odzvanjanje u u\u0161ima;<\/span><\/p>\n

Te\u017ee zatvaranje jednog oka;<\/span><\/p>\n

Vrtoglavicu;<\/span><\/p>\n

Promene u \u010dulu ukusa ili gubitak \u010dula ukusa<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ramsay Huntov sindrom uzrokovan je istim virusom koji dovodi do pojave malih boginja. <\/span>Nakon \u0161to se prele\u017ee male boginje, virus ostaje u nervima u latentnom stanju. Ukoliko se virus reaktivira i pogodi facijalni \u017eivac, nastaje Ramsay Huntov sindrom. Nije ta\u010dno poznato zbog \u010dega se virus reaktivira, ali se povezuje sa smanjenim imunitetom. Ovo mo\u017ee biti posledica starosti, fizi\u010dkog i emotivnog stresa, HIV-a i pojave SIDE, nedavne transplantacije nekog organa ili ko\u0161tane sr\u017ei, ili hemoterapije. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/span><\/h2>\n

Kod svakoga ko je prele\u017eao male boginje mo\u017ee da se razvije Ramsay Huntov sindrom. Me\u0111utim on se obi\u010dno javlja kod starijih osoba i to kod onih iznad 60 godina. <\/span><\/p>\n

U jo\u0161 jednu rizi\u010dnu grupu spadaju i:<\/span><\/p>\n

Osobe koje nikada nisu imale male boginje, niti su protiv njih vakcinisane <\/span><\/p>\n

Svako sa slabim imunim sistemom<\/span><\/p>\n

Novoro\u0111en\u010dad<\/span><\/p>\n

Trudnice<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Komplikacije<\/span><\/h2>\n

Me\u0111u komplikacije izazvane Ramsay Huntovim sindromom ubrajaju se:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trajni gubitak sluha i slabost facijalnog mi\u0161i\u0107a;<\/span><\/p>\n

O\u0161te\u0107enje oka;<\/span><\/p>\n

Postherpesna neuralgija.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Prevencija<\/span><\/h2>\n

Deca se danas rutinski vakcini\u0161u protiv malih boginja \u010dime se znatno smanjuju \u0161anse da budu prirodno zara\u017eene virusom malih boginja. Tako\u0111e je dostupna i vakcina protiv herpes zostera za lica starija od 60 godina. <\/span><\/p>\n

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