{"id":71334,"date":"2017-11-08T14:26:36","date_gmt":"2017-11-08T14:26:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/multipli-mijelom\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:56:37","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:56:37","slug":"multipli-mijelom","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/multipli-mijelom\/","title":{"rendered":"Multipli Mijelom"},"content":{"rendered":"

Multipli mijelom je rak ko\u0161tane sr\u017ei kod koga se nenormalne koli\u010dine belih krvnih zrnaca, leukocita, nekontrolisano umno\u017eavaju.<\/span><\/p>\n

Multipli mijelom je jedan od naj\u010de\u0161\u0107ih oblika raka ko\u0161tane sr\u017ei. On napada plazma \u0107elije – bela krvna zrnca koja stvaraju antitela \u010diji je zadatak za\u0161tita organizma od infekcija. \u00a0Plazma \u0107elije prolaze kroz kancerogenu promenu, one po\u010dinju nekontrolisano da se umno\u017eavaju i time ote\u017eavaju proizvodnju zdravih crvenih krvnih zrnaca, leukocita i trombocita. Ove abnormalne kancerogene \u0107elije plazme nazivaju se \u0107elije mijeloma. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0106elije mijeloma proizvode abnormalni broj antitela, a sa druge strane, proizvodnja zdravih belih krvnih zrnaca koja \u0161tite telo od infekcija je umanjena. \u00a0\u0106elije mijeloma tako\u017ee uni\u0161tavaju ko\u0161tano tkivo, \u0161to dalje void do bolova u kostima, lomljenja kostiju i otpu\u0161tanja dodatnih koli\u010dina kalcijuma u krvotok. <\/span><\/p>\n

Smanjeni broj crvenih krvnih zrnaca uzrokuje smanjenu sposobnost krvi da prenosi kiseonik do organa u telu, dok smanjeni broj trombocita mo\u017ee dovesti do abnormalnog krvarenja. <\/span><\/p>\n

Multipli mijelom se \u010de\u0161\u0107e pojavljuje kod ljudi iznad 40 godina starosti. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/span><\/h2>\n

Simptomi multiplog mijeloma su slede\u0107i:<\/span><\/p>\n

umor <\/span><\/p>\n

bledilo<\/span><\/p>\n

kratak dah<\/span><\/p>\n

bolovi u kostima, naro\u010dito u le\u0111ima, budu\u0107i da se \u0107elije mijeloma umno\u017eavaju i nakupljaju \u0161irom \u010ditavog ko\u0161tanog sistema<\/span><\/p>\n

laka lomljivost kostiju<\/span><\/p>\n

ponavljaju\u0107e infekcije<\/span><\/p>\n

lako pojavljivanje modrica, \u010dak i bez povre\u0111ivanja <\/span><\/p>\n

\u017ee\u0111, \u010desta potreba za mokrenjem i zatvor usled pove\u0107ane koncentracije kalcijuma u krvi<\/span><\/p>\n

Kod nekih pacijenata simptomi mogu da izostanu, posebno u ranom stadijumu bolesti.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/span><\/h2>\n

Uzroci multiplog mijeloma nisu poznati. Poznato je da po\u010dinje od jedne abnormalne plazma \u0107elije koja se nalazi u ko\u0161tanoj sr\u017ei. Kada jednom zapo\u010dne, \u0107elija po\u010dinje ubrzano da se umno\u017eava i ne umire – \u0107elije raka ne slede normalan \u0107elijski ciklus.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/span><\/h2>\n

Dobro poznati faktori rizika multiplog mijeloma su:<\/span><\/p>\n

starosna dob<\/span><\/p>\n

rasa \u2013 \u010de\u0107\u0161e se razvija kod pripadnika crne rase nego kod bele <\/span><\/p>\n

monoklonalna gamapatija neodre\u0111enog zna\u010daja \u2013 prime\u0107eno je da se kod 1% osoba sa ovim stanjem razvije multipli mijelom. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Komplikacije<\/span><\/h2>\n

Komplikacije izazvane multiplom mijelomom mogu biti: <\/span><\/p>\n

krute kosti koje se lako lome<\/span><\/p>\n

recidiviraju\u0107e infekcije<\/span><\/p>\n

anemija<\/span><\/p>\n

smanjen rad bubrega zbog pove\u0107anog nivoa kalcijuma u krvi. <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-71334","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nMultipli Mijelom - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Multipli Mijelom - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Multipli mijelom je rak ko\u0161tane sr\u017ei kod koga se nenormalne koli\u010dine belih krvnih zrnaca, leukocita, nekontrolisano umno\u017eavaju. Multipli mijelom je jedan od naj\u010de\u0161\u0107ih oblika raka ko\u0161tane sr\u017ei. 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