{"id":71326,"date":"2017-11-07T20:11:19","date_gmt":"2017-11-07T20:11:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/karcinom-merkelovih-celija\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:56:30","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:56:30","slug":"karcinom-merkelovih-celija","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/karcinom-merkelovih-celija\/","title":{"rendered":"Karcinom Merkelovih \u0107elija"},"content":{"rendered":"

Karcinom Merkelovih \u0107elija, \u010desto se naziva i \u2018MCC\u2019 \u2018 akronim od engleskog naziva oboljenja, je redak i izuzetno agresivan oblik raka ko\u017ee koji je, u najve\u0107em broju slu\u010dajeva, prouzrokovan poliomavirusom Merkelovih \u0107elija (MCV), a koji je otkriven 2008. godine. Karcinom Merkelovih \u0107elija, koji se tako\u0111e se naziva i neuroendokrini karcinom ko\u017ee ili trabekularni karcinom, je veoma redak oblik raka ko\u017ee koji nastaje kada Merkelove \u0107elije po\u010dnu nekontrolisano da se umno\u017eavaju. Karakteri\u0161e ga brz rast i isto tako brzo \u0161irenje na druge delove tela. <\/span>Smatra se da je ovaj karcinom jedan oblik neuroendokrinog tumora. Karcinom Merkelovih \u0107elija se naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e razvija kod starijih osoba i obi\u010dno se ispoljava u obliku izraslina boje mesa ili plavo crvene boje, i to na podru\u010dju lica, glave i vrata koji su izlo\u017eeni suncu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/span><\/h2>\n

Prvi simptom karcinoma Merkelovih \u0107elija obi\u010dno je brzo rastu\u0107a, \u010dvrsta, bezbolna tumorna izraslina na ko\u017ei. Merkelove \u0107elije raka imaju sklonost da napadaju na lokalnom nivou, a da se zatim infiltriraju u potko\u017eno masno tkivo, fasciju i mi\u0161i\u0107 i nakon toga obi\u010dno rano metastaziraju tokom razvoja oboljenja, i to naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e u okolne limfne \u010dvorove. MCC se tako\u0111e dosta brzo i agresivno \u0161iri putem krvotoka, naro\u010dito prema jetri, plu\u0107ima, mozgu i ko\u0161tanim strukturama. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Izraslina mo\u017ee biti boje ko\u017ee, a tako\u0111e mo\u017ee biti obojena nijansama crvene, plave ili ru\u017ei\u010daste. <\/span>Veli\u010dina izrasline obi\u010dno varira od 0.5 cm pa sve do 5 cm u pre\u010dniku i obi\u010dno se brzo uve\u0107ava. Ve\u0107ina karcinoma Merkelovih \u0107elija pojavljuje se na licu, glavi ili vratu, ali mogu da se pojave i na bilo kom drugom delu tela, \u010dak i na onim mestima koja nisu izlo\u017eena suncu. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/span><\/h2>\n

Nije jasno \u0161ta je uzrok pojavi karcinoma Merkelovih \u0107elija. \u00a0Nedavno otkriveni virus nazvan poliomavirus Merkelovih \u0107elija (MCV) verovatno doprinosi razvoju bolesti kod ve\u0107ine karcinoma Merkelovih \u0107elija. Pribli\u017eno 80% MCC-a ima ovaj virus u monoklonskom \u0161ablonu, \u0161to ukazuje na to da je infekcija bila prisutna u \u0107eliji prekursoru pre nego \u0161to je ona postala kancerogena. Najmanje 20% od MCC tumora nisu inficirani MCV virusom, \u0161to ukazuje na \u010dinjenicu da do pojave MCC-a mogu dovesti i neki drugi faktori.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/span><\/h2>\n

Faktori koji mogu da dovedu do pove\u0107anja rizika od karcinoma Merkelovih \u0107elija su slede\u0107i:<\/span><\/p>\n

Neumereno izlaganje prirodnim ili ve\u0161ta\u010dkim sun\u010devim zracima;<\/span><\/p>\n

Oslabljeni imuni sistem;<\/span><\/p>\n

Porodi\u010dna istorija obolevanja od raka ko\u017ee;<\/span><\/p>\n

Starija starosna dob;<\/span><\/p>\n

Svetao ten.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Komplikacije<\/span><\/h2>\n

I pored terapije, karcinom Merkelovih \u0107elija obi\u010dno metastazira i na druga tkiva van ko\u017ee. Obi\u010dno se najpre ra\u0161iri na okolne limfne \u010dvorove. Kasnije mo\u017ee da se pro\u0161iri na mozak, ko\u0161tano tkivo, plu\u0107a ili jetru, gde mo\u017ee da dovede do smetnji u fukcionisanju ovih organa. Kancer koji je metastazirao mnogo se te\u017ee le\u010di i ishod mo\u017ee biti fatalan. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Prevencija<\/span><\/h2>\n

I dok nije dokazano da izlaganje sun\u010devoj svetlosti dovodi do nastanka karcinoma Merkelovih \u0107elija, ono se smatra najve\u0107im faktorom rizika za dobijanje ovog karcinoma. Smanjeno izlaganje sun\u010devooj svetlosti mo\u017ee da umanji rizik od raka ko\u017ee. Stoga, osobe sa rizikom bi trebalo da:<\/span><\/p>\n

Izbegavaju izlaganje suncu u vreme kad je ono najja\u010de;<\/span><\/p>\n

Za\u0161tite ko\u017eu i o\u010di \u0161e\u0161irima sa \u0161irokim obodom, gusto tkanom ode\u0107om i nao\u010darama za sunce sa UV za\u0161titom;<\/span><\/p>\n

Nanose za\u0161titne kreme \u0161to \u010de\u0161\u0107e;<\/span><\/p>\n

Prate svaku promenu na ko\u017ei (poput: mlade\u017ea, pega ili kvr\u017eica koje menjaju boju, oblik ili veli\u010dinu).<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-71326","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nKarcinom Merkelovih \u0107elija - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Karcinom Merkelovih \u0107elija - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Karcinom Merkelovih \u0107elija, \u010desto se naziva i \u2018MCC\u2019 \u2018 akronim od engleskog naziva oboljenja, je redak i izuzetno agresivan oblik raka ko\u017ee koji je, u najve\u0107em broju slu\u010dajeva, prouzrokovan poliomavirusom Merkelovih \u0107elija (MCV), a koji je otkriven 2008. godine. 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