{"id":71314,"date":"2017-11-09T13:46:06","date_gmt":"2017-11-09T13:46:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/stecena-imunodeficijencija\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:56:19","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:56:19","slug":"stecena-imunodeficijencija","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/stecena-imunodeficijencija\/","title":{"rendered":"Ste\u010dena imunodeficijencija"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sam termin imunodeficijencija ukazuje na nesposobnost imunog sistema da se bori protiv infekcija i da brani organizam na efikasan na\u010din. Ukoliko postoji deficijencija imunog sistema, organizam je podlo\u017eniji infecijama, koje prouzrokuju ozbiljna o\u0161te\u0107enja zdravlja pacijenta. Infekcije, poput herpes zostera koje ne bi ina\u010de mogle da na\u0161kode zdravoj osobi, mogu da ugro\u017ee \u017eivot osobi koja pati od imunodeficijencije. <\/span><\/p>\n

Iako imunodeficijencija mo\u017ee biti prisutna od samog ro\u0111enja, budu\u0107i da je uro\u0111ena, ona se \u010de\u0161\u0107e razvija kasnije i u tom slu\u010daju se naziva ste\u010denom imunodeficijencijom. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Umereni tip ste\u010dene imunodeficijencije mo\u017ee da se javi uz neke zarazne bolesti poput gripa ili nekih dugotrajnih oboljenja, uklju\u010duju\u0107i dijabetes i reumatoidni artritis. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ozbiljni oblici ovog oboljenja vezani su za SIDU ili rak. <\/span><\/p>\n

HIV je seksualno prenosiva infekcija. Me\u0111utim, ona se tako\u0111e mo\u017ee preneti kontaktom sa inficiranom krvlju ili tokom trudno\u0107e, kada se prenosi sa majke na plod, bilo tokom poro\u0111aja bilo tokom dojenja. Potrebno je da pro\u0111u godine kako bi infekcija HIV-om oslabila imuni sistem i razvila se u SIDU. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/span><\/h2>\n

Simptomi ste\u010dene imunodeficijencije zavise od uzroka i stepena ozbiljnosti. <\/span>Oni obuhvataju slede\u0107e:<\/span><\/p>\n

ponavljanje infekcija<\/span><\/p>\n

groznicu<\/span><\/p>\n

bolove u mi\u0161i\u0107ima, zglobovima<\/span><\/p>\n

osip na ko\u017ei<\/span><\/p>\n

otok limfnih \u010dvorova<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010direve u ustima<\/span><\/p>\n

gubitak te\u017eine<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/span><\/h2>\n

Uzroci ste\u010dene imunodeficijencije mogu biti:<\/span><\/p>\n

Infekcija HIV-om <\/span><\/p>\n

Rak<\/span><\/p>\n

Dijabetes<\/span><\/p>\n

Reumatoidni artritis<\/span><\/p>\n

Grip<\/span><\/p>\n

Dugotrajna upotreba kortikosteroida<\/span><\/p>\n

Imunosupresivni lekovi<\/span><\/p>\n

Le\u010denje raka, poput hemoterapije <\/span><\/p>\n

Nakon operacije slezine<\/span><\/p>\n

Nedostatak imunoglobulina A<\/span><\/p>\n

Tokom infekcije HIV-om, virus napada posebnu vrstu belih krvnih zrnaca, CD4, \u0161to kasnije dovodi do progresivne imunodeficijencije i daljih komplikacija. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/span><\/h2>\n

Faktori rizika ste\u010dene imunodeficijencije su:<\/span><\/p>\n

neza\u0161ti\u0107eni seksualni odnosi, neka druga seksualno prenosiva bolest, upotreba iste igle \u2013 svi su vezani i za AIDS<\/span><\/p>\n

stil \u017eivota<\/span><\/p>\n

ostali uslovi<\/span><\/p>\n

dugotrajna upotreba odre\u0111enih lekova<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Komplikacije<\/span><\/h2>\n

Komplikacije ste\u010dene imunodeficijencije su:<\/span><\/p>\n

citomegalovirus – herpes virus koji se prenosi putem pljuva\u010dke, krvi, urina, semene te\u010dnosti ili maj\u010dinog mleka \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

kandidijaza \u2013 usta, jezika, jednjaka ili vagine<\/span><\/p>\n

infekcija salmonelom <\/span><\/p>\n

tuberkuloza<\/span><\/p>\n

meningitis kriptokokus \u2013 zapaljenje mo\u017edanih ovojnica koje \u0161tite mozak i ki\u010dmenu mo\u017edinu <\/span><\/p>\n

toksoplazmoza –\u00a0 smrtonosno parazitsko oboljenje ma\u010daka<\/span><\/p>\n

Kapo\u0161ijev sarkom \u2013 \u010dest oblik raka kod osoba inficiranih HIV-om<\/span><\/p>\n

Limfom \u2013 rak limfnih \u017elezda<\/span><\/p>\n

Neurolo\u0161ke komplikacije<\/span><\/p>\n

Oboljenja bubrega<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Prevencija<\/span><\/h2>\n

Prevencija ste\u010dene imunodeficijencije je mogu\u0107a ukoliko osoba po\u010dne da vodi zdrav na\u010din \u017eivota, kako bi mogu\u0107nost razvoja dugoro\u010dnih uslova koji bi doveli do oslabljenog imunog sistema svela na minimum. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

U slu\u010daju SIDE, najbolja prevencija jesu za\u0161ti\u0107eni seksualni odnosi (upotreba novih kondoma pri svakom odnosu), nekori\u0161\u0107enje droga i zajedni\u010dkih igala, obave\u0161tenost o seksualnom zdravlju partnera. Postoje dokazi da postupak cirkumcizije (obrezivanja) smanjuje rizik od zaraze virusom HIV-a.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ukoliko ste ve\u0107 zara\u017eeni HIV-om, trebalo bi da o tome obavestite svog partnera; ukoliko ste trudni recite va\u0161em doktoru da imate HIV.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-71314","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nSte\u010dena imunodeficijencija - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ste\u010dena imunodeficijencija - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sam termin imunodeficijencija ukazuje na nesposobnost imunog sistema da se bori protiv infekcija i da brani organizam na efikasan na\u010din. Ukoliko postoji deficijencija imunog sistema, organizam je podlo\u017eniji infecijama, koje prouzrokuju ozbiljna o\u0161te\u0107enja zdravlja pacijenta. 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