{"id":71312,"date":"2017-11-09T14:57:42","date_gmt":"2017-11-09T14:57:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/voda-u-kolenu\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:56:18","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:56:18","slug":"voda-u-kolenu","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sr\/diseases\/voda-u-kolenu\/","title":{"rendered":"Voda u kolenu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Definicija<\/h2>\n

Ote\u010deno koleno predstavlja \u010dest problem koji nastaje prilikom nakupljanja prekomerne koli\u010dine te\u010dnosti u ili u okolini zgloba kolena. Drugi nazivi za prisustvo vode u kolenu su \u2018’efuzija kolena” i ”voda u kolenu”.<\/p>\n

Ote\u010deno koleno mo\u017ee biti rezultat prekomerne upotrebe kolenog zgloba, iznenadnog udarca u kolenu regiju ili postoje\u0107eg oboljenja i stanja. U zavisnosti od etiologije, mo\u017ee biti asimptomatski ili sa prisustvom bola i uko\u010deno\u0161\u0107u.<\/p>\n

U cilju odre\u0111ivanja ta\u010dnog uzroka otoka, adekvatna dijagnoza je neophodna. Kada se dijagnoza postavi, adekvatan tretman se mo\u017ee odrediti.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/h2>\n

Kada je u zglobu kolena sadr\u017eana ve\u0107a koli\u010dina te\u010dnosti, mogu postojati ograni\u010denja u savijanju i ispravljanju donjeg ekstremiteta u potpunosti. Znaci i simptomi prisustva vode u kolenu mogu uklju\u010divati:<\/p>\n

Bol u kolenu<\/p>\n

Uko\u010densot kolena<\/p>\n

Otok afeciranog kolena<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/h2>\n

Postoje mnogobrojni faktori koji mogu izazvati otok kolena. Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i uzroci su: povrede kolena i oboljenja.<\/p>\n

Povrede kolena pri kojima nastaje pove\u0107ana produkcija i akumulacija te\u010dnosti u i oko kolenog zgloba uklju\u010duju:<\/p>\n

Prelome kostiju<\/p>\n

Iritaciju usled prekomerne upotrebe zglobnih povr\u0161ina kolena<\/p>\n

Kidanje ligamenta<\/p>\n

Kidanje hrskavice<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Uzro\u010dna stanja i oboljenja koja mogu dovesti do prekomerne produkcije i akumulacije te\u010dnosti u i oko zgloba kolena podrazumevaju:<\/p>\n

Osteoartritis<\/p>\n

Reumatoidni artritis<\/p>\n

Infekcije<\/p>\n

Giht<\/p>\n

Pseudogiht<\/p>\n

Burzitis<\/p>\n

Ciste<\/p>\n

Tumorske promene<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/h2>\n

Postoji nekoliko faktora rozika koji pove\u0107avaju mogu\u0107nost za nastanak ote\u010denog kolena i to su:<\/p>\n

Starija uzrastna dob: \u0161anse za nastanak ote\u010denog kolena pove\u0107avaju se sa staro\u0161\u0107u pacijenta<\/p>\n

U\u010destvovanje u odre\u0111enim sportovima: distorzija kolena ili iznenadan udarac u koleno tokom odre\u0111enih sportova mo\u017ee voditi povredama kolena koje izazivaju oticanje.<\/p>\n

Prekomerna gojaznost: prekomerna te\u017eina mo\u017ee stvoriti ve\u0107i pritisak na zglob kolena \u0161to u zauzvrat vodi nastanku ote\u010denog kolena<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Komplikacije<\/h2>\n

Gubitak mi\u0161i\u0107ne funkcije<\/p>\n

Bekerova cista: bolna vre\u0107asta kolekcija ispunjena te\u010dnos\u0161\u0107u koja se formira u kolenu<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Le\u010denje<\/h2>\n

Terapeutski pristupi kod postojanja otoka kolena zavise od nekoliko faktora kao \u0161to je prethodna medicinska istorija pacijenta,\u00a0 etiopatogenetski uzrok nastanka otoka kolena, stepen te\u017eine oboljenja kao i udru\u017eenih simptoma.<\/p>\n

Nekoliko terapeutskih modaliteta uklju\u010duju:<\/p>\n

Ordiniranje oralne medkamentozne terapije ili oralnih kortikosteroida u cilju redukcije bola i zapaljenskog procesa kolenog zgloba<\/p>\n

Pridr\u017eavanje ve\u017ebi fizikalne rehabilitacije kao i propisanim ve\u017ebama u cilju pobolj\u0161anja funkcije kolena i ja\u010dine pokreta<\/p>\n

Postoji nekoliko preporu\u010denih hirur\u0161kih procedura:<\/p>\n

Artrocenteza: hirur\u0161ka procedura koja uklju\u010duje uklanjanje vi\u0161ka akumulirane te\u010dnosti iz kolena u cilju smanjenja pritiska<\/p>\n

Artroskopija: hirur\u0161ka procedura koja uklju\u010duje plasiranje artroskopa ( tubusne cevi) u predeo zgloba (intraartikularno) u cilju eliminacije vi\u0161ka tkiva kao i reparacije o\u0161te\u0107enog kolena.<\/p>\n

Zamena zgloba: hirur\u0161ka procedura koja podrazumeva zamenu postoje\u0107eg kolenog zgloba sa individualno dizajniranim ve\u0161ta\u010dkim zglobom.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Prevencija<\/h2>\n

Postoji nekoliko preporuka koje se primenjuju u cilju odr\u017eavanja op\u0161teg zdravstvenog stanja kao i prevencije povreda:<\/p>\n

Odr\u017eavanje telesne te\u017eine u fiziolo\u0161kim granicama u cilju eliminacije dodatnog optere\u0107enja kolena<\/p>\n

Redovna fizi\u010dka aktivnost i u\u010destvovanje u odre\u0111enim aktivnostima kao \u0161to su podvodni aerobik i plivanje<\/p>\n

Oja\u010davanje pripadaju\u0107e muskulature\u00a0 zglobu kolena u cilju prevencije povreda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-71312","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nVoda u kolenu - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Voda u kolenu - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Definicija Ote\u010deno koleno predstavlja \u010dest problem koji nastaje prilikom nakupljanja prekomerne koli\u010dine te\u010dnosti u ili u okolini zgloba kolena. Drugi nazivi za prisustvo vode u kolenu su \u2018’efuzija kolena” i ”voda u kolenu”. 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