{"id":72731,"date":"2020-11-04T14:20:10","date_gmt":"2020-11-04T14:20:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/suha-makularna-degeneracija\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T03:16:37","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T03:16:37","slug":"suha-makularna-degeneracija","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sl\/diseases\/suha-makularna-degeneracija\/","title":{"rendered":"Suha makularna degeneracija"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 id=\"opredelitev\">Opredelitev<\/h2>\n<p>Suha makularna degeneracija je poslab\u0161anje makule, ki lahko povzro\u010di izgubo vida v sredi\u0161\u010du vidnega polja. Makula je postavljena na sredino mre\u017enice. V resnici se tkivo v makuli, tkivni sloj, ki se nahaja na zadnji steni zrkla od znotraj, zgosti in se lahko s starostjo razgradi, kar verjetno povzro\u010di degeneracijo suhe makule. Gre za starostno degeneracijo. Obstajata dve vrsti take degeneracije, degeneracija suhe makule in degeneracija mokre makule. Suha vrsta makularne degeneracije se pojavlja pogosteje. Lahko povzro\u010di zamegljen osrednji vid ali slepo mesto v osrednjem vidu, kar lahko poslab\u0161a kakovost vsakdanjega \u017eivljenja, saj je za izvajanje \u0161tevilnih nalog, kot so branje, vo\u017enja ali prepoznavanje stvari in obrazov, potreben jasen osrednji vid.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"simptomi\">Simptomi<\/h2>\n<p>Simptomi degeneracije suhe makule se razvijajo postopoma. Naslednje spremembe vida so lahko:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Te\u017eave pri prilagajanju na nizko raven svetlobe<\/li>\n<li>Potreba po svetlej\u0161i svetlobi pri opravljanju nekaterih nalog, kot je branje<\/li>\n<li>Natisnjene besede so zamegljene<\/li>\n<li>Prepoznavanje obrazov je te\u017eko<\/li>\n<li>Zmanj\u0161anje intenzivnosti in svetlosti barv<\/li>\n<li>Pomanjkanje jasnosti osrednjega ali celotnega vida<\/li>\n<li>Prizadet osrednji vid<\/li>\n<li>V sredini vidnega polja je zamegljena ali slepa pega<\/li>\n<li>Halucinacije oblik in ljudi, \u010de je primer te\u017eji<\/li>\n<li>Degeneracija lahko prizadene eno od o\u010di ali obe o\u010desi. \u010ce je prizadeto samo eno oko, sprememb vida morda ni, ker lahko drugo oko kompenzira slabo vidno sposobnost prizadetega.<\/li>\n<li>Dobro je obiskati zdravnika, \u010de ima oseba v osrednjem delu spremembe vida ali je zmo\u017ena zaznati barve in podrobnosti. Te spremembe se ponavadi pojavijo kot prvi znaki degeneracije suhe makule, \u0161e posebej, \u010de je oseba starej\u0161a od 50 let.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"vzroki\">Vzroki<\/h2>\n<p>Ni jasno, kak\u0161en je dejanski razlog za nastanek suhe makularne degeneracije, znano pa je, da se s staranjem stanje razvija. Degeneracija vpliva na makulo, ki je odgovorna za \u010dist, neposreden vid, tkivo v makuli pa se lahko stanj\u0161a in se s\u010dasoma razgradi s starostjo.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dejavniki-tveganja\">Dejavniki tveganja<\/h2>\n<p>Nekateri dejavniki, ki pove\u010dujejo tveganje za suho makularno degeneracijo, so:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Na starost vplivajo ve\u010dinoma ljudje, starej\u0161i od 50 let; najpogostej\u0161a je med 65-letniki<\/li>\n<li>Rasa &#8211; prizadene predvsem belce (belce)<\/li>\n<li>Dru\u017einska anamneza &#8211; tveganje je ve\u010dje, \u010de je pri\u0161lo do primera makularne degeneracije v dru\u017eini<\/li>\n<li>Kajenje<\/li>\n<li>Prekomerna te\u017ea<\/li>\n<li>Slaba prehrana<\/li>\n<li>Bolezni srca in o\u017eilja<\/li>\n<li>Povi\u0161an holesterol<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"zapleti\">Zapleti<\/h2>\n<p>Zaplet, ki se lahko pojavi, je suha makularna degeneracija, ki napreduje v mokro vrsto, kar lahko povzro\u010di hitro izgubo vida.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"zdravljenje\">Zdravljenje<\/h2>\n<p>Na \u017ealost napredovanja degeneracije suhe makule ni mogo\u010de spremeniti. Ker pa degeneracija po\u010dasi napreduje, veliko ljudi nikoli popolnoma ne izgubi vida in \u017eivi povsem normalno \u017eivljenje, \u0161e posebej, \u010de ima \u010dlovek to stanje samo eno oko.<\/p>\n<p>Zdravniki obi\u010dajno priporo\u010dajo ljudem s suho makularno degeneracijo, da vsako leto obi\u0161\u010dejo bolni\u0161nico za pregled o\u010di, da preverijo, ali stanje napreduje. Nekateri tretmaji, ki jih lahko ponudijo, so:<\/p>\n<p>Jemanje pove\u010danega odmerka antioksidativnih vitaminov in cinka lahko zmanj\u0161a u\u010dinek degeneracije, kar povzro\u010di izgubo vida<\/p>\n<p>Vsaditev teleskopske le\u010de &#8211; operacija vsadka teleskopske le\u010de na enem o\u010desu, ki se priporo\u010da ljudem, ki imajo napredno stopnjo degeneracije suhe makule na obeh o\u010desih<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"preventiva\">Preventiva<\/h2>\n<p>Za prepre\u010ditev makularne degeneracije je treba upo\u0161tevati naslednje ukrepe:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Redni rutinski pregledi o\u010di<\/li>\n<li>Obvladovanje drugih bolezni<\/li>\n<li>Nehaj kaditi<\/li>\n<li>Zdrava te\u017ea<\/li>\n<li>Redna vadba<\/li>\n<li>Bogata prehrana (veliko sadja in zelenjave, kot so ohrovt, brokoli, grah, \u0161pina\u010da, pa tudi jedo ribe pogosteje in veliko orehov, ki so bogati z omega-3)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-72731","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Suha makularna degeneracija - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Suha makularna degeneracija - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Opredelitev Suha makularna degeneracija je poslab\u0161anje makule, ki lahko povzro\u010di izgubo vida v sredi\u0161\u010du vidnega polja. 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