{"id":78509,"date":"2020-06-16T08:24:11","date_gmt":"2020-06-16T08:24:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/cure\/kolorektalni-rak\/"},"modified":"2020-06-16T08:24:11","modified_gmt":"2020-06-16T08:24:11","slug":"kolorektalni-rak","status":"publish","type":"cure","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sl\/treatments\/kolorektalni-rak\/","title":{"rendered":"Kolorektalni rak"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ta tumor, zelo pogost, se pojavi v debelem \u010drevesju ali debelem \u010drevesu in danki, povzro\u010da pa ga nenadzorovana proliferacija celic sluznice, torej notranja obloga \u010drevesne stene. Rak se najpogosteje razvije v debelem \u010drevesu (pribli\u017eno 70% primerov) in manj pogosto v danki (30%). Gre za vrsto raka, ki jo je mogo\u010de prepre\u010diti ali ozdraviti, \u010de jo zgodaj ujamemo. Dejansko je v ve\u010dini primerov rak dolo\u010den s prvotno tvorbo tako imenovanih adenomatoznih polipov, ki so nenormalni izrastki tkiv, ki so sprva benigni, vendar se s\u010dasoma lahko razvijejo v raka.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>V Humanitasu operacije izvajajo zdravniki, ki imajo izku\u0161nje z diagnostiko in zdravljenjem raka debelega \u010drevesa in danke, ter tisti, ki imajo strokovno znanje o podedovanih oblikah te bolezni, kot so dru\u017einska adenomatozna polipoza, Lynch sindrom (dedna nepolpoza ali rak) in Peutz-Jeghersov sindrom .<\/p>\n<p>Tako kot vsi programi raka Humanitas, vklju\u010dno s programom za kolorektalni rak, so tipi\u010dno multidisciplinarni in temeljijo na integraciji klini\u010dnih in profesionalnih gastroenterologov, kirurgov in medicinskih onkologov, kakovosti diagnosti\u010dnih storitev patologije in radiologije, pa tudi na razpolo\u017eljivost genetikov, radiolo\u0161kih intervencionistov, radioterapevtov in nutricionistov v primerih, ki zahtevajo ta znanja.<\/p>\n<p>Splo\u0161ni cilj tega pristopa je zagotoviti bolnikom najbolj\u0161e mo\u017enosti za prepre\u010devanje, diagnozo in zdravljenje. V Humanitasu se zdravniki dobro zavedajo tesnobe, ki jo je mogo\u010de ustvariti iz strahu, da bomo zboleli za rakom, \u0161e bolj pa vpliva na \u017eivljenje z uveljavljeno diagnozo raka. V tej ustanovi je pacientom zagotovljena natan\u010dna in pregledna komunikacija ter diagnosti\u010dna in terapevtska ter po potrebi psihoterapevtska podpora.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dejavniki-tveganja\">Dejavniki tveganja<\/h2>\n<p>Glavni dejavniki tveganja za to bolezen so:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Starost: pojavi se pri pribli\u017eno 90% bolnikov, starej\u0161ih od 50 let<\/li>\n<li>Dru\u017einska anamneza raka debelega \u010drevesa in danke: tveganje se pove\u010da, \u010de kolorektalni rak ali adenomatozni polipi najdemo pri sorodnikih (zlasti star\u0161ih in sorojencih)<\/li>\n<li>Osebna zdravstvena anamneza: tveganje se pove\u010da, \u010de posameznik trpi za kroni\u010dno vnetno \u010drevesno boleznijo (ulcerozni kolitis ali Crohnova bolezen) ali \u010de je prej odstranil rakavi tumor ali polip<\/li>\n<li>Prekomerna te\u017ea in pomanjkanje telesne vadbe<\/li>\n<li>Dieta: \u010de je dieta sestavljena iz visoke vsebnosti ma\u0161\u010dob, zlasti \u017eivalskega izvora, se tveganje za razvoj bolezni pove\u010da; medtem ko prehrana, bogata s sadjem in zelenjavo, zmanj\u0161uje tveganje.<\/li>\n<li>Kajenje in u\u017eivanje alkohola<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"preprecevanje-in-presejanje\">Prepre\u010devanje in presejanje<\/h2>\n<p>Idealna oblika preventive, tako imenovana primarna preventiva, temelji na odpravljanju dejavnikov tveganja (prehrana, pomanjkanje telesne aktivnosti, kajenje, u\u017eivanje alkohola itd.). Vendar je najve\u010dji vpliv prepre\u010dila odstranitev predrakavih lezij (polipov), ki lahko trajajo leta pred nastankom tumorja. Identifikacija teh po\u0161kodb ali vsaj zgodnja diagnoza ozdravljivega raka se lahko zgodi pri asimptomatskih bolnikih, ki se pregledujejo na razli\u010dne na\u010dine.<\/p>\n<p>V Italiji obstajajo regionalni programi presejalnega testiranja prebivalstva, ki temeljijo na raziskavah fekalnih testov okultne krvi in \u200b\u200bse izvajajo vsaki dve leti pri posameznikih, starej\u0161ih od 50 let. \u010ce je test pozitiven, postane obvezno opraviti kolonoskopijo, da se potrdi ali izklju\u010di rak kot vzrok pozitivnih rezultatov testov. Humanitas je referen\u010dni center za regijo Lombardija za izvajanje kolonoskopije kot dela presejalnega programa.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Na podlagi posameznih preferenc se lahko osebe, starej\u0161e od 50 let, odlo\u010dijo za neposredno kolonoskopijo, ki ima ve\u010djo ob\u010dutljivost pri odkrivanju predrakavih lezij. V Humanitasu se ta postopek, \u010deprav pogosto dojema kot bole\u010d, lahko izvaja ambulantno pod sedacijo, brez nelagodja. Posebno pozornost je treba nameniti pregledu za kolorektalni rak pri ljudeh, ki so \u017ee znani (sorodniki prve stopnje) za to vrsto raka.<\/p>\n<p>Veljavne mednarodne smernice priporo\u010dajo, da se ti posamezniki, starej\u0161i od 40 let, opravijo na prvi kolonoskopiji. \u017dal je to priporo\u010dilo pogosto zanemarjeno. V Humanitasu je od leta 2009 pri tem vpra\u0161anju za\u010dela delovati \u0161tudija, ki jo je financiral Nacionalni center za prepre\u010devanje in nadzor bolezni (CCM), ki se nana\u0161a na Ministrstvo za zdravje. \u0160tudija je odprta za vse dr\u017eavljane, starej\u0161e od 40 let, ki imajo sorodnika, ki so mu pred kratkim diagnosticirali kolorektalni rak. Cilj \u0161tudije je primerjati zanesljivost kolonoskopije z \u201evirtualno kolonoskopijo\u201c in oceniti, koliko teh posameznikov pripada dru\u017einam z resni\u010dno dedno nagnjenostjo k raku.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Poleg tega je Humanitas aktiven v ambulantnem posvetovalnem genskem programu in ustrezno spremlja klini\u010dna presku\u0161anja za endoskopijo, ki je posebej namenjena bolnikom z diagnozo dednega raka (dru\u017einska polipoza, Lynch sindrom in Peutz-Jeghersov sindrom) in njihovim dru\u017einam.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-78509","cure","type-cure","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Kolorektalni rak - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kolorektalni rak - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ta tumor, zelo pogost, se pojavi v debelem \u010drevesju ali debelem \u010drevesu in danki, povzro\u010da pa ga nenadzorovana proliferacija celic sluznice, torej notranja obloga \u010drevesne stene. Rak se najpogosteje razvije v debelem \u010drevesu (pribli\u017eno 70% primerov) in manj pogosto v danki (30%). Gre za vrsto raka, ki jo je mogo\u010de prepre\u010diti ali ozdraviti, \u010de jo [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanitasInternational\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@humanitasmilano\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/\",\"name\":\"Kolorektalni rak - Humanitas.net\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-06-16T08:24:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-06-16T08:24:11+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"sl-SI\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Trattamenti\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/cure\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Kolorektalni rak\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/\",\"name\":\"Humanitas.net\",\"description\":\"Humanitas Hospital\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"sl-SI\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Humanitas\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sl-SI\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/new-humanitas-logo-1.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/new-humanitas-logo-1.svg\",\"width\":1,\"height\":1,\"caption\":\"Humanitas\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanitasInternational\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/humanitasmilano\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Kolorektalni rak - Humanitas.net","robots":{"index":"noindex","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"og_locale":"sl_SI","og_type":"article","og_title":"Kolorektalni rak - Humanitas.net","og_description":"Ta tumor, zelo pogost, se pojavi v debelem \u010drevesju ali debelem \u010drevesu in danki, povzro\u010da pa ga nenadzorovana proliferacija celic sluznice, torej notranja obloga \u010drevesne stene. Rak se najpogosteje razvije v debelem \u010drevesu (pribli\u017eno 70% primerov) in manj pogosto v danki (30%). Gre za vrsto raka, ki jo je mogo\u010de prepre\u010diti ali ozdraviti, \u010de jo [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/","og_site_name":"Humanitas.net","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanitasInternational\/","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@humanitasmilano","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/","url":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/","name":"Kolorektalni rak - Humanitas.net","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#website"},"datePublished":"2020-06-16T08:24:11+00:00","dateModified":"2020-06-16T08:24:11+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"sl-SI","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/treatments\/colorectal-cancer\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Trattamenti","item":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/cure\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Kolorektalni rak"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#website","url":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/","name":"Humanitas.net","description":"Humanitas Hospital","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"sl-SI"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#organization","name":"Humanitas","url":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sl-SI","@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/new-humanitas-logo-1.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/new-humanitas-logo-1.svg","width":1,"height":1,"caption":"Humanitas"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanitasInternational\/","https:\/\/x.com\/humanitasmilano"]}]}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cure\/78509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/cure"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/cure"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}