{"id":81220,"date":"2018-05-16T11:15:17","date_gmt":"2018-05-16T11:15:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/enciclopedia\/valva-aortica\/"},"modified":"2018-05-16T11:15:17","modified_gmt":"2018-05-16T11:15:17","slug":"valva-aortica","status":"publish","type":"enciclopedia","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/valva-aortica\/","title":{"rendered":"Valv\u0103 aortic\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ce este o valv\u0103 aortic\u0103?<\/h2>\n

Valva aortic\u0103 este una din cele patru vase ale inimii. Se spune c\u0103 este aorta semiluna datorit\u0103 formei de semilun\u0103 \u0219i se localizeaz\u0103 \u00eentre ventriculul st\u00e2ng \u0219i aort\u0103. Valva aortic\u0103 este proiectat\u0103 pentru a se asigura c\u0103 s\u00e2ngele nu curge invers pe calea spre inim\u0103 \u0219i pentru a asigura schimbul corect al nivelelor de oxigen \u0219i dioxid de carbon din pl\u0103m\u00e2ni \u00een avantajul \u00eentregului corp.<\/p>\n

Inima este un organ care este \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit \u00een mai multe p\u0103r\u021bi, care ajut\u0103 la efectuarea func\u021biei principale: transportarea s\u00e2ngelui bogat \u00een oxigen c\u0103tre restul corpului (celule, \u021besuturi \u0219i organe) pentru a-l alimenta \u0219i primirea s\u00e2ngelui bogat \u00een dioxid de carbon care va fi trimis c\u0103tre pl\u0103m\u00e2ni unde are loc schimbul de oxigen.<\/p>\n

Valvele inimii sunt structuri mici care sunt responsabile pentru a \u00eempiedica s\u00e2ngele s\u0103 curge invers, asigur\u00e2ndu-se c\u0103 aceste curge \u00eentr-o singur\u0103 direc\u021bie spre inim\u0103.<\/p>\n

Valva aortic\u0103 este compus\u0103 din trei membrane (cuspe), care cuprind \u00een principal colagen \u0219i iau forma unei semiluni. Valva este localizat\u0103 pe un inel muscular, prin care se conecteaz\u0103 la peretele inimii.<\/p>\n

Bolile valvei aortice pot afecta func\u021bia circula\u021biei cardiace. Cele mai obi\u0219nuite dou\u0103 boli care au leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu valva aortic\u0103 includ stenoza aortica \u0219i regurgitarea. Stenoza aortic\u0103 este o boal\u0103 care apare \u00een momentul \u00een care valva aortic\u0103 a inimii se \u00eengusteaz\u0103, sc\u0103z\u00e2nd circula\u021bia s\u00e2ngelui de la inim\u0103 \u00een aort\u0103 \u0219i spre restul corpului. Boala poate fi prezent\u0103 la na\u0219tere, de\u0219i tinde s\u0103 apar\u0103 mai t\u00e2rziu. Stenoza aortic\u0103 poate fi tratat\u0103 prin \u00eenlocuirea valvei aortice, un tip de opera\u021bie pe cord deschis care implic\u0103 \u00eenlocuirea valvei aortice care nu func\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu o valv\u0103 artificial\u0103. Regurgitarea aortic\u0103, cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i ca insuficien\u021b\u0103 aortic\u0103, apare \u00een momentul \u00een care valva aortic\u0103 din inim\u0103 \u00eencepe s\u0103 se scurg\u0103, provoc\u00e2nd curgerea s\u00e2ngelui \u00een direc\u021bia opus\u0103 pe durata diastolei ventriculare, din aort\u0103 \u00een ventriculul st\u00e2ng. Solicitarea unui consult medical este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru a preveni apari\u021bia complica\u021biilor.<\/p>\n

Ce func\u021bie are valva aortic\u0103?<\/h2>\n

Inima este o pomp\u0103 care transport\u0103 s\u00e2nge bogat \u00een oxigen de la pl\u0103m\u00e2ni la celulele \u021besuturilor \u0219i organe \u00een schimbul s\u00e2ngelui bogat \u00een dioxid de carbon care trebuie transformat. S\u00e2ngele oxigenat este transportat spre organe \u0219i \u021besuturile din corp prin aort\u0103, artera care transport\u0103 hrana c\u0103tre \u00eentregul corp \u0219i se desparte \u00een ramuri \u0219i capilare mai mici. S\u00e2ngele bogat \u00een dioxid de carbon se \u00eentoarce la inim\u0103 prin vene, care \u00eel transform\u0103 \u00een oxigen.<\/p>\n

Valva aortica supravegheaz\u0103 pasajele dintre ventriculul st\u00e2ng \u0219i aort\u0103, asigur\u00e2nd func\u021bia de a \u00eempiedica s\u00e2ngele oxigenat s\u0103 ajung\u0103 \u00eenapoi la pl\u0103m\u00e2ni.<\/p>\n

Ciclul cardiac cuprinde dou\u0103 faze: o faz\u0103 de relaxare (diastol\u0103) \u0219i o faz\u0103 de contractare (sistola). Pe durata primei faze (diastola), valvele dintre atriu \u0219i ventricule sunt deschise, \u0219i \u00eentreaga inim\u0103 este relaxat\u0103. \u00cen aceast\u0103 faz\u0103, valvele semilunare sunt \u00eenchise, \u00eempiedic\u00e2nd s\u00e2ngele s\u0103 intre \u00een sistemul vascular. Pe durata celei de-a doua faze (sistol\u0103), atriul \u0219i ventriculele se contract\u0103 \u00eentr-o manier\u0103 coordonat\u0103: prima dat\u0103 atriul (sistol\u0103 atrial\u0103) \u0219i apoi ventriculele (sistol\u0103). \u00cen momentul \u00een care tensiunea arterial\u0103 este mai mare \u00een ventricul, valva se deschide \u0219i permite s\u00e2ngelui s\u0103 curg\u0103 prin aort\u0103. \u00cen consecin\u021b\u0103, \u00een momentul \u00een care tensiunea este mai mare \u00een aort\u0103, valva se \u00eenchide \u0219i nu permite s\u00e2ngelui s\u0103 se \u00eentoarc\u0103 la inim\u0103.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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