{"id":81176,"date":"2018-05-16T09:57:41","date_gmt":"2018-05-16T09:57:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/enciclopedia\/vena-cava-superioara\/"},"modified":"2018-05-16T09:57:41","modified_gmt":"2018-05-16T09:57:41","slug":"vena-cava-superioara","status":"publish","type":"enciclopedia","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/vena-cava-superioara\/","title":{"rendered":"Vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 id=\"ce-este-vena-cava-superioara\">Ce este vena cava superioar\u0103?<\/h2>\n<p>Vena cava superioar\u0103 este o vena mare, situat\u0103 \u00een mediastinul superior anterior. Mediastinul este spa\u021biul \u00eenconjurat de peretele toracic \u00een fa\u021b\u0103, de pl\u0103m\u00e2ni \u00een lateral \u0219i de coloana vertebral\u0103 \u00een spate. Subdivizat \u00een patru p\u0103r\u021bi (superioar\u0103, median\u0103, anterioar\u0103 \u0219i posterioar\u0103), mediastinul con\u021bine inima, vase de s\u00e2nge, traheea, bronhiile mari \u0219i o parte a esofagului.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103 r\u0103spunde de transportarea s\u00e2ngelui dezoxigenat din partea superioar\u0103 a corpului (cap, g\u00e2t, membre superioare \u0219i c\u00e2teva organe ale pieptului) c\u0103tre inim\u0103. Inima transmite apoi s\u00e2ngele dezoxigenat la pl\u0103m\u00e2ni, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t acesta s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi transformat \u00een s\u00e2nge oxigenat \u0219i s\u0103 fie pompat \u00een tot corpul.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103 are o lungime de aproximativ 7 cm \u0219i un diametru de aproximativ 22 mm. Nu exist\u0103 nici o supap\u0103 care s\u0103 \u00eempart\u0103 vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103 din atriul drept. Ea se formeaz\u0103 prin confluen\u021ba a dou\u0103 vene mari: venele brahiocefalice, care se \u00eentind p\u00e2n\u0103 la extremitatea sternal\u0103 a celui de-al treilea cartilaj costal spre dreapta, perforeaz\u0103 pericardul (membrana care con\u021bine inima \u0219i por\u021biunile ini\u021biale ale vaselor arteriale), \u0219i se \u00eent\u00e2lne\u0219te cu vena azygos, chiar \u00eenainte de a intra \u00een atriul drept, \u00een partea dreapt\u0103 superioar\u0103 din partea din fa\u021b\u0103 a inimii.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103 devine \u00eengustat\u0103 sau blocat\u0103, aceasta poate duce la o stare cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de obstruc\u021bie SVC. Obstruc\u021bia SVC este cel mai adesea cauzat\u0103 de cancer (cancer pulmonar, cancer metastatic sau limfom) sau de o tumoare \u00een mediastin. De\u0219i afec\u021binea este rar\u0103, poate provoca simptome severe, cum ar fi inflama\u021bii, grea\u021b\u0103, v\u0103rs\u0103turi, modific\u0103ri ale vederii, dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie, dureri \u00een piept, sc\u0103derea vigilen\u021bei, blocarea g\u00e2tului, le\u0219in \u0219i dureri de cap. Viteza bloc\u0103rii \u0219i localizarea ei determin\u0103 gravitatea sindromului. Cu c\u00e2t este mai rapid\u0103 blocarea c\u0103ilor aeriene, cu at\u00e2t simptomele sunt mai severe, deoarece celelalte vene nu au timp s\u0103 se l\u0103rgeasc\u0103 pentru a se adapta la cre\u0219terea fluxului sanguin. \u00cen astfel de cazuri, o persoan\u0103 poate avea nevoie de ventilator pentru a ajuta la respira\u021bie. Uneori, celelalte vene pot prelua func\u021bia venei cave superioare dac\u0103 ea este obstruc\u021bionat\u0103, \u00eens\u0103 acest lucru necesit\u0103 timp.<\/p>\n<p>Tratamentul pentru obstruc\u021bia SVC depinde de cauza ei, de gravitatea simptomelor, de starea general\u0103 a pacientului, precum \u0219i de propriile preferin\u021be. Tratamentele care pot fi utilizate pentru sindromul de ven\u0103 cav\u0103 superioar\u0103 includ: radioterapie, chimioterapie, tromboliz\u0103, introducerea de stent \u0219i interven\u021biile chirurgicale. Este esen\u021bial ca pacientul s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 un diagnostic adecvat pentru a determina forma cea mai potrivit\u0103 de tratament \u0219i pentru a preveni apari\u021bia unor complica\u021bii ulterioare (care pot fi severe \u0219i chiar letale).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"ce-functie-indeplineste-vena-cava-superioara\">Ce func\u021bie \u00eendepline\u0219te vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103?<\/h2>\n<p>Vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103 este singura responsabil\u0103 pentru transportul s\u00e2ngelui dezoxigenat din partea superioar\u0103 a corpului (capul, g\u00e2tul, membrele superioare \u0219i c\u00e2teva organe ale pieptului) \u00een inim\u0103, care \u00eel trimite apoi la pl\u0103m\u00e2ni. Prin circula\u021bia redus\u0103, numit\u0103 \u0219i circula\u021bie pulmonar\u0103, s\u00e2ngele este cur\u0103\u021bat \u0219i trimis \u00eenapoi \u00een inim\u0103 pentru a fi pompat plin de oxigen \u0219i nutrien\u021bi \u0219i trimis \u00een \u00eentregul corp.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","Example":[1792],"class_list":["post-81176","enciclopedia","type-enciclopedia","status-publish","hentry","enciclopedia_category-anatomie"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103 - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103 - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ce este vena cava superioar\u0103? Vena cava superioar\u0103 este o vena mare, situat\u0103 \u00een mediastinul superior anterior. Mediastinul este spa\u021biul \u00eenconjurat de peretele toracic \u00een fa\u021b\u0103, de pl\u0103m\u00e2ni \u00een lateral \u0219i de coloana vertebral\u0103 \u00een spate. 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Vena cava superioar\u0103 este o vena mare, situat\u0103 \u00een mediastinul superior anterior. Mediastinul este spa\u021biul \u00eenconjurat de peretele toracic \u00een fa\u021b\u0103, de pl\u0103m\u00e2ni \u00een lateral \u0219i de coloana vertebral\u0103 \u00een spate. Subdivizat \u00een patru p\u0103r\u021bi (superioar\u0103, median\u0103, anterioar\u0103 \u0219i posterioar\u0103), mediastinul con\u021bine inima, vase de s\u00e2nge, traheea, bronhiile mari \u0219i [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/vena-cava-superioara\/","og_site_name":"Humanitas.net","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanitasInternational\/","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@humanitasmilano","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/vena-cava-superioara\/","url":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/vena-cava-superioara\/","name":"Vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103 - Humanitas.net","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#website"},"datePublished":"2018-05-16T09:57:41+00:00","dateModified":"2018-05-16T09:57:41+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/vena-cava-superioara\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ro-RO","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/vena-cava-superioara\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/vena-cava-superioara\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Enciclopedia","item":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/enciclopedia\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Vena cav\u0103 superioar\u0103"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#website","url":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/","name":"Humanitas.net","description":"Humanitas Hospital","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ro-RO"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#organization","name":"Humanitas","url":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ro-RO","@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/new-humanitas-logo-1.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/new-humanitas-logo-1.svg","width":1,"height":1,"caption":"Humanitas"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanitasInternational\/","https:\/\/x.com\/humanitasmilano"]}]}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/enciclopedia\/81176","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/enciclopedia"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/enciclopedia"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81176"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"enciclopedia_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/Example?post=81176"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}