{"id":81167,"date":"2018-05-15T11:52:50","date_gmt":"2018-05-15T11:52:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/enciclopedia\/uterul\/"},"modified":"2018-05-15T11:52:50","modified_gmt":"2018-05-15T11:52:50","slug":"uterul","status":"publish","type":"enciclopedia","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/uterul\/","title":{"rendered":"Uterul"},"content":{"rendered":"

Uterul este un organ muscular gol care, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu ovarele, trompele uterine (sau tuburile uterine), vaginul \u0219i vulva formeaz\u0103 tractul reproductiv feminin. Organismul are ca scop s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 ovulul fertilizat, pentru a-i permite dezvoltarea \u0219i pentru a na\u0219te f\u0103tul la finalul sarcinii. Uterul prime\u0219te ceea ce rezult\u0103 din trompele uterine \u0219i \u00een partea inferioar\u0103 se deschide \u00een cavitatea vaginal\u0103.<\/p>\n

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Structura uterului poate fi diferit\u0103 la fiecare femeie: acest organ trece prin mai multe schimb\u0103ri \u00een timpul vie\u021bii, \u00een func\u021bie de diferitele stadii ale dezvolt\u0103rii sexuale la femei (prepubertate, pubertate, maturitate sexual\u0103, menopauz\u0103), \u00een caz de sarcin\u0103 \u0219i \u00een timpul ciclului menstrual.<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

Ce este uterul?<\/h2>\n

Forma uterului aminte\u0219te aproximativ de cea a unui con cu v\u00e2rful \u00eendreptat \u00een jos. La femeile care nu au avut copii, m\u0103rimea uterului este de aproximativ 6-7 centimetri lungime, de 4,3 centimetri l\u0103\u021bime \u0219i 3,2 centimetri grosime, cu o greutate total\u0103 de aproximativ 50 de grame; aceste valori se pot schimba \u00eens\u0103 considerabil la femeile care au avut mai mul\u021bi copii. \u00cen acest caz, m\u0103rimea \u0219i greutatea uterului pot cre\u0219te.<\/p>\n

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Anatomia uterului include trei straturi de \u021besut:<\/p>\n

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stratul interior: cunoscut \u0219i sub denumirea de endometru, este cel mai activ strat uterin, care r\u0103spunde la modific\u0103rile ciclice ale hormonilor ovarieni. Acest strat este esen\u021bial pentru func\u021biile menstruale \u0219i reproductive.<\/p>\n

stratul mijlociu: stratul intermediar este cunoscut ca miometrul sau stratul muscular, care ocup\u0103 majoritatea volumului uterin \u0219i este compus din celule musculare netede.<\/p>\n

stratul exterior: stratul seros sau perimetru este stratul sub\u021bire exterior al \u021besutului, care este alc\u0103tuit din celule epiteliale ce \u00eenconjoar\u0103 uterul.<\/p>\n

Cavitatea uterin\u0103 este c\u0103ptu\u0219it\u0103 de endometru, datorit\u0103 c\u0103ruia este garantat\u0103 hr\u0103nirea embrionului \u00een prima perioad\u0103 a vie\u021bii intrauterine. Mu\u0219chiul care controleaz\u0103 uterul (miometrul) este gros \u0219i ferm, iar contrac\u021biile lui permit na\u0219terea f\u0103tului.<\/p>\n

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Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 por\u021biuni \u00een care este posibil\u0103 divizarea, \u00een mod ideal, a uterului:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

o parte mai mare – numit\u0103 corpul uterin sau corpul uterului – care se extinde \u00een sus \u0219i \u00een care intr\u0103 trompele uterine (sau tuburile uterine);<\/p>\n

o parte mai \u00eengust\u0103, numit\u0103 col uterin sau cervix, de form\u0103 cilindric\u0103, orientat\u0103 \u00een jos, \u0219i care se extinde pentru a se \u00eencadra \u00een vagin.<\/p>\n

\u00cenainte de pubertate, colul uterin corespunde cu aproximativ jum\u0103tate din lungimea total\u0103 a uterului; la femeile care au avut copii, \u00eens\u0103, colul uterin devine o treime din \u00eentreaga lungime a organului: acest lucru apare mai ales la femeile care au avut mai mul\u021bi copii, ca urmare a dezvolt\u0103rii marcante a corpului uterin pentru a g\u0103zdui sarcinile.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Fluxul sanguin adecvat pentru uter este asigurat prin arterele ovariene \u0219i uterine. Arterele uterine fac parte din diviziunile anterioare ale arterei iliace. Uneori, artera uterin\u0103 asigur\u0103 fluxul sanguin c\u0103tre artera vaginal\u0103, care alimenteaz\u0103 vaginul superior \u0219i arterele arcuite care \u00eenconjoar\u0103 uterul.<\/p>\n

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Ce func\u021bie \u00eendepline\u0219te uterul?<\/h2>\n

Func\u021bia uterului este tripl\u0103: prime\u0219te ovulul fertilizat, permite dezvoltarea \u0219i apoi expulzarea f\u0103tului la \u00eencheierea sarcinii.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","Example":[1792],"class_list":["post-81167","enciclopedia","type-enciclopedia","status-publish","hentry","enciclopedia_category-anatomie"],"yoast_head":"\nUterul - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Uterul - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Uterul este un organ muscular gol care, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu ovarele, trompele uterine (sau tuburile uterine), vaginul \u0219i vulva formeaz\u0103 tractul reproductiv feminin. Organismul are ca scop s\u0103 primeasc\u0103 ovulul fertilizat, pentru a-i permite dezvoltarea \u0219i pentru a na\u0219te f\u0103tul la finalul sarcinii. 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