{"id":80672,"date":"2018-04-16T07:21:48","date_gmt":"2018-04-16T07:21:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/enciclopedia\/vaccinarea-impotriva-zonei-zoster\/"},"modified":"2018-04-16T07:21:48","modified_gmt":"2018-04-16T07:21:48","slug":"vaccinarea-impotriva-zonei-zoster","status":"publish","type":"enciclopedia","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/vaccinarea-impotriva-zonei-zoster\/","title":{"rendered":"Vaccinarea \u00eempotriva zonei Zoster"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ce este vaccinul \u00eempotriva zonei Zoster?<\/h2>\n

Herpesul Zoster, cunoscut sub numele de zona Zoster, este o boal\u0103 provocat\u0103 de reactivarea virusului varicelo-zosterian, care a stat ascuns \u00een corpul unei persoane (cel mai probabil din copil\u0103rie). De obicei, boala se manifest\u0103 printr-o plac\u0103 inflamatorie alungit\u0103 \u0219i acoperit\u0103 cu b\u0103\u0219ici, care se dezvolt\u0103 pe o parte a corpului, adesea pe fa\u021b\u0103 sau pe trunchi. B\u0103\u0219icile sunt temporare \u0219i inofensive. Persoana \u00een cauz\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 se asigure c\u0103 erup\u021bia cutanat\u0103 a disp\u0103rut \u00eenainte de a fi vaccinat\u0103. Pentru unii, poate s\u0103 apar\u0103 \u0219i dureri, care dureaz\u0103 luni sau chiar ani dup\u0103 ce erup\u021bia a disp\u0103rut. Aceast\u0103 durere de lung\u0103 durat\u0103 este cea mai frecvent\u0103 complica\u021bie a zonei Zoster.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Riscul de zona Zoster cre\u0219te odat\u0103 cu v\u00e2rsta, motiv pentru care este mai frecvent\u0103 la persoanele cu v\u00e2rsta de peste 60 de ani. Cele cu sisteme imunitare sl\u0103bite (limfom, leucemie, cancer, HIV), precum \u0219i persoanele care iau anumite medicamente (steroizi \u0219i chimioterapie \u00eempotriva cancerului) prezint\u0103 un risc mai mare de zona Zoster. Alte persoane, care prezint\u0103 cel mai mare risc de administrare a vaccinului \u00eempotriva zonei Zoster includ:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Persoanele cu reac\u021bii alergice severe la gelatin\u0103<\/p>\n

Persoanele care au suferit transplant de m\u0103duv\u0103 osoas\u0103 sau de organe<\/p>\n

Persoanele cu tuberculoz\u0103 activ\u0103, netratat\u0103<\/p>\n

Femeile care sunt sau ar putea fi \u00eens\u0103rcinate<\/p>\n

Majoritatea persoanelor care dezvolt\u0103 zona Zoster au, de obicei, un singur episod \u00een timpul vie\u021bii, de\u0219i \u00een cazuri rare, poate ap\u0103rea un al doilea sau chiar un al treilea episod. Zona Zoster nu se transmite de la o persoan\u0103 la alta; totu\u0219i, tulpinile virusului varicelo-zosterian se pot r\u0103sp\u00e2ndi de la o persoan\u0103 cu Zoster \u00een stadiu activ la o alta, care nu a suferit niciodat\u0103 de v\u0103rsat.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ce compozi\u021bie are vaccinul \u00eempotriva zonei Zoster?<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vaccinul \u00eempotriva zonei Zoster este fabricat dintr-o form\u0103 sl\u0103bit\u0103 a virusului varicelo-zosterian \u0219i poate inhiba reactivarea virusului prezent latent \u00een organism, put\u00e2nd astfel preveni apari\u021bia herpesului zoster \u0219i a nevralgiei post-herpetice (durere de lung\u0103 durat\u0103).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e2nd se recomand\u0103 vaccinarea \u00eempotriva zonei Zoster?<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Deoarece riscul de zona Zoster \u0219i PHN cre\u0219te odat\u0103 cu v\u00e2rsta, vaccinul este recomandat persoanelor cu v\u00e2rsta de peste 60 de ani \u0219i este administrat subcutanat \u00een partea superioar\u0103 a bra\u021bului (sub piele) \u00eentr-o singur\u0103 doz\u0103.<\/p>\n

Orice persoan\u0103 cu v\u00e2rsta peste 60 de ani trebuie s\u0103 fac\u0103 vaccin \u00eempotriva zonei Zoster, indiferent dac\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i aminte\u0219te s\u0103 fi avut varicel\u0103, care este cauzat\u0103 de acela\u0219i virus ca \u0219i zona Zoster. Vaccinul este steril \u0219i nu con\u021bine conservan\u021bi. El poate ajuta la prevenirea apari\u021biei bolii, deoarece reduce riscul de dezvoltare a herpesului Zoster cu 51% \u0219i a PHN cu 67%.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Care sunt efectele secundare ale vaccinului \u00eempotriva zonei Zoster?<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 administrare, poate fi resim\u021bit\u0103 doar o u\u0219oar\u0103 durere la locul inject\u0103rii. Simptomele u\u0219oare care pot ap\u0103rea includ urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n

Prurit<\/p>\n

Inflamare<\/p>\n

Durerea la locul inject\u0103rii<\/p>\n

Dureri de cap<\/p>\n

Durere la nivelul extremit\u0103\u021bilor<\/p>\n

Eritem<\/p>\n

Ca la toate vaccinurile, exist\u0103 posibilitatea apari\u021biei unor probleme grave, cum ar fi reac\u021biile alergice severe. De\u0219i rare, exist\u0103 astfel de cazuri care se pot manifesta \u0219i pot provoca simptome la unele persoane, precum urticarie, dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie, sl\u0103biciune, ame\u021beli, b\u0103t\u0103i rapide ale inimii \u0219i inflamarea fe\u021bei \u0219i a g\u00e2tului. Aceste probleme pot ap\u0103rea dup\u0103 c\u00e2teva minute sau c\u00e2teva ore dup\u0103 vaccinare, \u00een func\u021bie de sistemul imunitar individual. \u00cen cazul \u00een care reac\u021bia alergic\u0103 devine extrem de grav\u0103, solicitarea asisten\u021bei medicale imediate este vital\u0103.<\/p>\n

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