{"id":80669,"date":"2018-04-16T07:14:08","date_gmt":"2018-04-16T07:14:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/enciclopedia\/vaccinul-meningococic\/"},"modified":"2018-04-16T07:14:08","modified_gmt":"2018-04-16T07:14:08","slug":"vaccinul-meningococic","status":"publish","type":"enciclopedia","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/wiki\/vaccinul-meningococic\/","title":{"rendered":"Vaccinul meningococic"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/h2>\n

Ce este vaccinul meningococic?<\/h2>\n

Boala meningococic\u0103 este cauzat\u0103 de bacteria Neisseria meningitides, cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i ca meningococ. Aceasta implic\u0103 13 tipuri de bacterii; totu\u0219i, doar cinci sunt responsabili pentru boal\u0103 (tipurile A, B, C, Y \u0219i W135). \u00cen Europa, \u00een special, cele mai frecvente tipuri prezente includ tipurile B \u0219i C.<\/p>\n

Unele persoane sunt purt\u0103toare ale bacteriilor \u00een partea din spate a nasului \u0219i \u00een g\u00e2t, f\u0103r\u0103 a prezenta semne sau simptome ale bolii; totu\u0219i, uneori, bacteria poate invada organismul, cauz\u00e2nd anumite boli (cunoscute sub numele de boala meningococic\u0103). Transmiterea se face prin pic\u0103turi sau excre\u021bii faringeale sau nazale, eliberate de persoanele infectate, prin schimb de secre\u021bii respiratorii \u0219i din g\u00e2t, sau prin contact \u00eendelungat. Boala meningococic\u0103 este responsabil\u0103 pentru diverse infec\u021bii \u0219i poate ap\u0103rea la orice v\u00e2rst\u0103, dar cel mai frecvent la copiii cu v\u00e2rsta sub 5 ani.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Infec\u021biile meningococice sunt adesea asimptomatice sau provoac\u0103 inflama\u021bii ale tractului respirator superior. \u00cen cazurile severe, \u00eens\u0103, bacteria poate duce la meningit\u0103, sau sepsis, o complica\u021bie care poate pune \u00een pericol via\u021ba, al c\u0103rui rezultat poate fi chiar fatal. Aproximativ 1 din 5 pacien\u021bii care se recupereaz\u0103 au tendin\u021ba de a se confrunta cu dizabilit\u0103\u021bi pe termen lung, cum ar fi surditatea, pierderea membrelor, leziuni cerebrale \u0219i probleme care implic\u0103 sistemul nervos. Vaccinul meningococic poate ajuta la prevenire pentru tineri \u00een timpul anilor cu cel mai mare risc de a contracta boala meningococic\u0103.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ce compozi\u021bie are vaccinul meningococic?<\/h2>\n

Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 tipuri principale de vaccin meningococic disponibile:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vaccinul conjugat tetravalent \u00eempotriva meningococului tip A, C, Y, W135 (MCV4): un vaccin care poate fi administrat \u00een dou\u0103 modalit\u0103\u021bi: prima de la v\u00e2rsta de 12 luni, iar a doua de la v\u00e2rsta de doi ani. Acest tip de vaccin este adesea recomandat atunci c\u00e2nd c\u0103l\u0103tori\u021bi \u00een \u021b\u0103ri cu risc crescut de prezen\u021b\u0103 de meningit\u0103. Se administreaz\u0103 subcutanat, \u00een partea superioar\u0103 a bra\u021bului.<\/p>\n

Vaccinul conjugat \u00eempotriva meningococului tip C (MenC): un vaccin comun, care poate fi administrat de la v\u00e2rsta de trei luni. Acesta asigur\u0103 o protec\u021bie prelungit\u0103 \u0219i eficient\u0103. Dup\u0103 9 ani, se administreaz\u0103 \u00een regiunea antero-lateral\u0103 a coapsei.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e2nd se recomand\u0103 administrarea vaccinului meningococic?<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vaccinul meningococic nu este obligatoriu, dar este foarte recomandat. \u00cen mod obi\u0219nuit, el implic\u0103 administrarea de MenC la copiii cu v\u00e2rste \u00eentre 13 \u0219i 15 luni, \u00een asociere cu vaccinul ROR (rujeol\u0103, oreion \u0219i rubeol\u0103). MCV4 este administrat \u00een cazurile \u00een care o persoan\u0103 inten\u021bioneaz\u0103 s\u0103 c\u0103l\u0103toreasc\u0103 \u00een \u021b\u0103ri cu risc crescut de prezen\u021b\u0103 a meningococului A, C, Y \u0219i W135.<\/p>\n

Vaccinul meningococic este, de asemenea, recomandat persoanelor care sunt expuse riscului unor afec\u021biuni sau \u00een condi\u021bii speciale.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Care sunt efectele secundare ale vaccinului meningococic?<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vaccinul meningococic este bine tolerat. Dup\u0103 administrare, poate fi sim\u021bit\u0103 doar o u\u0219oar\u0103 durere la locul inject\u0103rii. Simptomele u\u0219oare care pot ap\u0103rea includ urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n

Ro\u0219ea\u021b\u0103 la locul inject\u0103rii<\/p>\n

Durere la locul inject\u0103rii<\/p>\n

Inflamare<\/p>\n

Febr\u0103<\/p>\n

Ca la toate vaccinurile, exist\u0103 posibilitatea apari\u021biei unor probleme grave, cum ar fi reac\u021biile alergice severe \u0219i, de\u0219i rare, exist\u0103 astfel de cazuri care se pot manifesta. Aceste probleme pot ap\u0103rea dup\u0103 c\u00e2teva minute sau c\u00e2teva ore dup\u0103 vaccinare, \u00een func\u021bie de sistemul imunitar individual.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","Example":[1781],"class_list":["post-80669","enciclopedia","type-enciclopedia","status-publish","hentry","enciclopedia_category-vaccinuri"],"yoast_head":"\nVaccinul meningococic - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vaccinul meningococic - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ce este vaccinul meningococic? Boala meningococic\u0103 este cauzat\u0103 de bacteria Neisseria meningitides, cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i ca meningococ. 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