{"id":70743,"date":"2017-05-22T12:13:48","date_gmt":"2017-05-22T12:13:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/cheratita\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:48:14","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:48:14","slug":"cheratita","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/diseases\/cheratita\/","title":{"rendered":"Cheratit\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

Defini\u021bie<\/h2>\n

Cheratita este iritarea corneei. Cornea este \u021besutul rotunjit, clar de pe partea din fa\u021b\u0103 a ochilor care acoper\u0103 pupila \u0219i irisul. Cheratita poate fi infec\u021bioas\u0103 \u0219i neinfec\u021bioas\u0103; cheratita infec\u021bioas\u0103 este provocat\u0103 de bacterii, viru\u0219i, fungi \u0219i parazi\u021bi; întrucât cheratita neinfec\u021bioas\u0103 este cauzat\u0103 pe de alt\u0103 parte de r\u0103nirea minor\u0103 din ceva simplu ca purtarea lentilelor de contact pentru mult timp.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome<\/h2>\n

Dac\u0103 o persoan\u0103 experimenteaz\u0103 unele simptome ale cheratitei, el\/ea trebuie s\u0103 vad\u0103 un doctor cât de curând posibil, deoarece dac\u0103 cheratita este l\u0103sat\u0103 netratat\u0103 poate duce la serioase complica\u021bii sau chiar probleme permanente de vedere.<\/p>\n

Simptomele sunt:<\/p>\n

Ro\u0219ea\u021b\u0103<\/p>\n

Vedere în cea\u021b\u0103<\/p>\n

Vedere sc\u0103zut\u0103<\/p>\n

Durere<\/p>\n

Sensibilitatea<\/p>\n

Lacrimi în exces (sau altele)<\/p>\n

Senza\u021bia c\u0103 ceva este în ochi<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauze<\/h2>\n

Cauzele cheratitei pot fi:<\/p>\n

R\u0103nirea prin zgârierea suprafe\u021bei ochiului (cheratita neinfec\u021bioas\u0103 poate s\u0103 apar\u0103, sau cheratita infec\u021bioas\u0103 dac\u0103 bacteria trece prin suprafa\u021ba afectat\u0103)<\/p>\n

Contaminarea lentilelor de contact (parazi\u021bii microscopici pot s\u0103 se ad\u0103posteasc\u0103 în lentilele de contact \u0219i s\u0103 contamineze corneea provocând cheratita infec\u021bioas\u0103).<\/p>\n

Virus (cum ar fi: herpes simplex, herpes zoster, \u0219i virusul care provoac\u0103 chlamydia)<\/p>\n

Apa poluat\u0103 (chimicalele din piscin\u0103, bacteria, parazi\u021bii \u0219i fungii din râuri, lacuri \u0219i cad\u0103; în special dac\u0103 corneea este deja sensibil\u0103 \u0219i vulnerabil\u0103 la purtarea lentilelor de contact pentru prea mult timp)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Factori de risc<\/h2>\n

Urm\u0103torii factori pot cre\u0219te riscul de cheratit\u0103:<\/p>\n

Purtarea lentilelor de contact (dac\u0103 lentilele nu sunt dezinfectate corect, dac\u0103 sunt purtate în timpul înotului sau pentru o perioad\u0103 lung\u0103 de timp sau dac\u0103 apa sau alte solu\u021bii f\u0103cute în cas\u0103 sunt folosite pentru cur\u0103\u021barea lentilelor)<\/p>\n

R\u0103nirea ochilor (riscul este mai mare dac\u0103 o persoan\u0103 locuie\u0219te într-un loc cu climat umed; în special dac\u0103 un material intr\u0103 în ochi)<\/p>\n

Sistemul imunitar sl\u0103bit din cauza medicamentelor sau bolilor<\/p>\n

Folosirea pic\u0103turilor ochi cu corticosteroizi<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Complica\u021bii<\/h2>\n

Unele complica\u021bii care pot s\u0103 apar\u0103 sunt:<\/p>\n

Umflarea \u0219i cicatrizarea corneei<\/p>\n

Ulcerul corneei<\/p>\n

Infec\u021biile cronice sau repetate<\/p>\n

Inflamarea cronic\u0103 a corneei<\/p>\n

Reducerea vederii pe termen lung sau scurt<\/p>\n

Orbire<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tratament<\/h2>\n

Tratamentul cheratitei infec\u021bioase \u0219i neinfec\u021bioase difer\u0103 în func\u021bie de cauz\u0103:<\/p>\n

Spre exemplu, dac\u0103 cheratita este cauzat\u0103 de folosirea lentilelor (cheratita neinfec\u021bioas\u0103), persoana poate avea nevoie doar de un bandaj pentru ochi pentru 24 de ore sau anumite tipuri de medicamente pentru ochi.<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 cheratita este infec\u021bioas\u0103, tratamentul difer\u0103 în func\u021bie de ceea ce cauzeaz\u0103 infec\u021bia, adic\u0103 dac\u0103 cauza este bacterian\u0103, fungic\u0103, viral\u0103, etc.<\/p>\n

Pentru cheratita bacterian\u0103 infec\u021bia poate fi tratat\u0103 doar cu pic\u0103turi de ochi antibacteriene sau antibiotice orale dac\u0103 infec\u021bia este moderat\u0103 sau sever\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cheratita fungic\u0103 necesit\u0103 tratament cu pic\u0103turi de ochi antifungice.<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 cheratita este cauzat\u0103 de un virus, pic\u0103turile de ochi antivirale \u0219i medicamentele orale pot fi eficiente, dar nu elimin\u0103 virusul complet, astfel c\u0103 virusul poate s\u0103 reapar\u0103 pe viitor.<\/p>\n

Acanthamoeba keratitis – este cheratita cauzat\u0103 de parazitul mic acanthamoeba. Poate fi dificil de tratat acest tip de cheratit\u0103. Pic\u0103turile de ochi antibiotice pot fi de ajutor, dar unele infec\u021bii de acest tip sunt rezistente la medicamente, astfel c\u0103 solu\u021bia pentru cazuri severe poate fi transplantul de cornee.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Preven\u021bia<\/h2>\n

Utilizarea, cur\u0103\u021barea \u0219i dezinfectarea normal\u0103 a lentilelor de contact poate ajuta la prevenirea cheratitei. Unele sfaturi includ: purtarea zilnic\u0103 a lentilelor de contact, scoaterea lentilelor înainte de somn, manevrarea lentilelor de contact, îngrijirea la cur\u0103\u021bare, acordarea aten\u021biei asupra instruc\u021biunilor de la specialist \u0219i urmarea recomand\u0103rilor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-70743","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nCheratit\u0103 - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cheratit\u0103 - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Defini\u021bie Cheratita este iritarea corneei. 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