{"id":70624,"date":"2017-03-30T15:02:40","date_gmt":"2017-03-30T15:02:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/boala-de-inima\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:46:39","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:46:39","slug":"boala-de-inima","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/diseases\/boala-de-inima\/","title":{"rendered":"Boala de inim\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

Boala de inim\u0103<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Boala de inim\u0103 implic\u0103 o serie de condi\u0163ii care afecteaz\u0103 inima. Condi\u0163iile care pot cauza boala de inim\u0103 includ boala vaselor de sânge cum ar fi boala arterei coronariene, problemele ritmului cardiac (aritmia) \u015fi defectele congenitale ale inimii.<\/p>\n

Boala de inim\u0103 este numit\u0103 uneori boal\u0103 cardiovascular\u0103. Boala cardiovascular\u0103 este în general asociat\u0103 condi\u0163iilor care implic\u0103 vase de sânge rupte sau blocate \u015fi care pot conduce la atac de cord, dureri în piept sau accident vascular cerebral. Condi\u0163iile inimii cum ar fi acelea care afecteaz\u0103 mu\u015fchiul inimii, valvele \u015fi ritmul, sunt considerate \u015fi ele boli de inim\u0103.<\/p>\n

Multe forme ale bolii de inim\u0103 pot fi prevenite sau tratate prin alegeri s\u0103n\u0103toase ale stilului de via\u0163\u0103.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome<\/h2>\n

Simptomele bolii de inim\u0103 variaz\u0103 în func\u0163ie de tipul de boal\u0103 a inimii.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomele bolii de inim\u0103 în vasele de sânge (ateroscleroza)<\/p>\n

Dureri în piept (angin\u0103)<\/p>\n

Scurtarea respira\u0163iei<\/p>\n

Durere, amor\u0163eal\u0103, sl\u0103biciune sau r\u0103ceal\u0103 în picioare sau mâini dac\u0103 vasele de sânge din acele zone sunt deteriorate.<\/p>\n

Dureri în gât, f\u0103lci, gâtlej, partea de sus a abdomenului \u015fi spate.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomele bolii de inim\u0103 provocate de aritmie<\/p>\n

Fâlfâit în piept<\/p>\n

B\u0103t\u0103i accelerate ale inimii (tahicardie)<\/p>\n

B\u0103t\u0103i reduse ale inimii (bradicardie)<\/p>\n

Durere în piept sau disconfort<\/p>\n

Scurtarea respira\u0163iei<\/p>\n

Vertij<\/p>\n

Le\u015fin (sincop\u0103) sau aproape le\u015fin<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome ale defectelor de inim\u0103 congenitale<\/p>\n

Culoarea pielii gri palid sau albastru (cianoz\u0103)<\/p>\n

Umfl\u0103turi ale picioarelor, abdomenului sau a zonelor din jurul ochilor<\/p>\n

La infan\u0163i, scurtarea respira\u0163iei în timpul hr\u0103nirii, conducând la o luare în greutate deficitar\u0103.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome mai pu\u0163in grave ale defectelor congenitale ale inimii<\/p>\n

Scurtarea respira\u0163iei în timpul exerci\u0163iilor sau activit\u0103\u0163ilor<\/p>\n

Oboseala rapid\u0103 în timpul exerci\u0163iilor sau activit\u0103\u0163ilor<\/p>\n

Amor\u0163eal\u0103 în mâini, glezne \u015fi picioare<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome ale bolilor de inim\u0103 cauzate de sl\u0103birea mu\u015fchiului inimii (cardiomiopatie dilatat\u0103)<\/p>\n

Scurtarea respira\u0163iei la efort sau în repaus<\/p>\n

Amor\u0163eal\u0103 a picioarelor , gleznelor \u015fi mâinilor<\/p>\n

Oboseal\u0103<\/p>\n

B\u0103t\u0103i ale inimii neregulate care sunt rapide, ap\u0103s\u0103toare \u015fi agitate<\/p>\n

Ame\u0163eal\u0103, vertij \u015fi le\u015fin<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome ale bolii de inim\u0103 cauzate de infec\u0163ii ale inimii<\/p>\n

Pericardita: Afecteaz\u0103 \u0163esutul din jurul inimii (pericard)<\/p>\n

Miocardita: Afecteaz\u0103 stratul muscular mijlociual peretelui inimii (miocard)<\/p>\n

Endocardita: Afecteaz\u0103 membrana intern\u0103 care separ\u0103 camerele \u015fi valvele inimii (endocard)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomele infec\u0163iei inimii mai pot include:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Febra<\/p>\n

Scurtarea respira\u0163iei<\/p>\n

Amor\u0163eala picioarelor \u015fi a abdomenului<\/p>\n

Schimb\u0103ri ale ritmului inimii<\/p>\n

Tuse uscat\u0103 \u015fi persistent\u0103<\/p>\n

Eczeme pe piele sau pet neobi\u015fnuite<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome ale bolii de inim\u0103 cauzate de boala valvular\u0103<\/p>\n

Oboseala<\/p>\n

Scurtarea respira\u0163iei<\/p>\n

B\u0103t\u0103i neregulate ale inimii<\/p>\n

Amor\u0163eal\u0103 în picioare \u015fi glezne<\/p>\n

Dureri în piept<\/p>\n

Le\u015fin (sincop\u0103)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauze<\/h2>\n

Cauzele bolii de inim\u0103 variaz\u0103 în func\u0163ie de tipul bolii de inim\u0103.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauzele bolii cardiovasulare<\/p>\n

Boala cardiovasvular\u0103 este cauzat\u0103 de afectarea inimii sau a vaselor de sânge de c\u0103tre ateroscleroz\u0103, o forma\u0163iune de pl\u0103ci grase în artere. Forma\u0163iunea pl\u0103cilor îngroa\u015f\u0103 \u015fi în\u0163epene\u015fte pere\u0163ii arteriali, care blocheaz\u0103 circuitul sanguin în artere.<\/p>\n

Ateroscleroza este cea mai comun\u0103 cauz\u0103 a bolilor cardiovasculare. Ea poate fi cauzat\u0103 de o diet\u0103 nes\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103, lipsa de exerci\u0163ii, obezitate \u015fi fumat.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauzele aritmiei<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Defecte congenitale ale inimii<\/p>\n

Afec\u0163iunea arterei coronariene<\/p>\n

Presiunea ridicat\u0103 a sângelui<\/p>\n

Fumatul<\/p>\n

Consumul excesiv de alcool sau cafein\u0103<\/p>\n

Diabetul<\/p>\n

Abuzul de medicamente<\/p>\n

Stresul<\/p>\n

Anumite medicamente pe loc, medicamente prescrise, suplimente alimentare \u015fi remedii naturiste<\/p>\n

Boala valvular\u0103<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauzele afec\u0163iunilor congenitale ale inimii<\/p>\n

Afec\u0163iunile inimii se dezvolt\u0103 pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce inima se dezvolt\u0103 în pântec, schimbând circuitul de sânge la inim\u0103. Anumite condi\u0163ii medicale, medicamente \u015fi gene pot contribui la dezvoltarea afec\u0163iunilor inimii. Mai mult, afec\u0163iunile inimii pot de asemenea s\u0103 se dezvolte la adul\u0163i datorit\u0103 structurii inimii care se poate schimba cu timpul.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauzele cardiomiopatiei (îngro\u015farea sau m\u0103rirea mu\u015fchiului inimii)<\/p>\n

Cardiomiopatia dilatat\u0103: aceast\u0103 form\u0103 poate fi cauzat\u0103 de circuitul sanguin redus c\u0103tre inim\u0103 (boala inimii ischemice), infec\u0163ii, toxine sau anumite droguri, sau poate fi mo\u015ftenit\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cardiomiopatia hipertrofic\u0103: aceast\u0103 form\u0103 de cardiomiopatie cauzeaz\u0103 ca mu\u015fchiul inimii s\u0103 devin\u0103 rigid \u015fi mai pu\u0163in elastic \u015fi se poate întâmpla f\u0103r\u0103 nici un motiv evident, sau din cauza unor afec\u0163iuni ale \u0163esutului conjunctiv sau din cauza form\u0103rii excesive a fierului în organism, sau din cauza unor tratamente pentru cancer.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauzele infec\u0163iei inimii<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bacteriile<\/p>\n

Viru\u015fii<\/p>\n

Parazi\u0163ii<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauzele bolii valvulare<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Febra reumatic\u0103<\/p>\n

Infec\u0163iile (endocardit\u0103 infec\u0163ioas\u0103)<\/p>\n

Afec\u0163iuni ale \u0163esutului conjunctiv<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Factori de risc<\/h2>\n

Factorii de risc ai bolii de inim\u0103 sunt:<\/p>\n

Vârsta înaintat\u0103<\/p>\n

Sexul masculin<\/p>\n

Istoricul familial<\/p>\n

Fumatul<\/p>\n

Alimenta\u0163ie precar\u0103<\/p>\n

Presiune ridicat\u0103 a sângelui<\/p>\n

Niveluri ridicate de colesterol<\/p>\n

Diabetul<\/p>\n

Obezitatea<\/p>\n

Stresul<\/p>\n

Lipsa exerci\u0163iilor<\/p>\n

Igiena deficitar\u0103<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Complica\u0163ii<\/h2>\n

Posibile complica\u0163ii ale bolii de inim\u0103:<\/p>\n

Insuficien\u0163\u0103 cardiac\u0103: aceasta are loc atunci când inima nu poate s\u0103 pompeze suficient sânge în organism.<\/p>\n

Atacul de cord: acesta poate rezulta în urma unui cheag de sânge care blocheaz\u0103 circuitul sanguin sau ateroscleroza.<\/p>\n

Accidentul vascular cerebral: un accident vascular cerebral ischemic se poate produce atunci când arterele care merg la creier sunt afectate sau blocate, reducând circula\u0163ia sângelui c\u0103tre creier.<\/p>\n

Anevrismul: anevrismul este o umfl\u0103tur\u0103 în peretele arterei, care dac\u0103 pocne\u015fte devine amenin\u0163\u0103tor pentru via\u0163\u0103, provocând o sângerare intern\u0103.<\/p>\n

Boala arterei periferice: se produce când extremit\u0103\u0163ile, de obicei picioarele, nu mai primesc suficient sânge.<\/p>\n

Stop cardiacul subit: subit, pierdere nea\u015fteptat\u0103 a func\u0163iei inimii, respira\u0163iei \u015fi cuno\u015ftin\u0163ei, este cauzat de obicei de aritmie.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Prevenire<\/h2>\n

Renun\u0163a\u0163i la fumat<\/p>\n

Gestiona\u0163i celelalte condi\u0163ii de s\u0103n\u0103tate cum ar fi presiunea sângelui, colesterolul m\u0103rit \u015fi diabetul<\/p>\n

Face\u0163i exerci\u0163ii regulate<\/p>\n

Men\u0163ine\u0163i o alimenta\u0163ie s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103<\/p>\n

P\u0103stra\u0163i o greutate optim\u0103<\/p>\n

Reduce\u0163i \u015fi gestiona\u0163i stresul<\/p>\n

Practica\u0163i o igien\u0103 bun\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-70624","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nBoala de inim\u0103 - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Boala de inim\u0103 - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Boala de inim\u0103   Boala de inim\u0103 implic\u0103 o serie de condi\u0163ii care afecteaz\u0103 inima. Condi\u0163iile care pot cauza boala de inim\u0103 includ boala vaselor de sânge cum ar fi boala arterei coronariene, problemele ritmului cardiac (aritmia) \u015fi defectele congenitale ale inimii. Boala de inim\u0103 este numit\u0103 uneori boal\u0103 cardiovascular\u0103. 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