{"id":70586,"date":"2017-03-30T14:41:31","date_gmt":"2017-03-30T14:41:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/boala-hashimoto-hipotiroidism\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:46:08","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:46:08","slug":"boala-hashimoto-hipotiroidism","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/diseases\/boala-hashimoto-hipotiroidism\/","title":{"rendered":"Boala Hashimoto (hipotiroidism)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Boala Hashimoto (hipotiroidism)<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Boala Hashimoto sau hipotiroidismul, este o boal\u0103 autoimun\u0103, când sistemul atac\u0103 glanda tiroid\u0103. Când este atacat\u0103, aceast\u0103 gland\u0103 nu reproduce suficiente niveluri de hormoni care controleaz\u0103 activit\u0103\u021bile. Glanda tiroidian\u0103 este localizat\u0103 sub laringe. Tiroida produce doi hormoni tiroidieni: triiodotironina (T3) \u0219i tiroxina (T4). Hormonii tiroidieni controleaz\u0103 metabolismul, dezvoltarea creierului, respira\u021bia, func\u021biile inimii \u0219i sistemului nervos, temperatura corpului, rezisten\u021ba mu\u0219chilor, uscarea pielii, ciclurile menstruale, greutatea \u0219i nivelul de colesterol.<\/p>\n

Hormonul de stimulare tiroidian\u0103 (TSH), care este produs de glanda pituitar\u0103 din creier regleaz\u0103 producerea hormonului tiroidian. Când nivelul de hormoni tiroidieni din sânge este sc\u0103zut, glanda pituitar\u0103 elibereaz\u0103 mai mult TSH. Când nivelul de hormoni tiroidieni este ridicat, glanda pituitar\u0103 descre\u0219te produc\u021bia de TSH.<\/p>\n

Boala Hashimoto apare deseori la femeile de vârst\u0103 mijlocie, de\u0219i poate s\u0103 apar\u0103 la orice vârst\u0103 \u0219i b\u0103rba\u021bi \u0219i copii.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome<\/h2>\n

Simptomele bolii Hashimoto apar încet, poate în câ\u021biva ani. Cazurile u\u0219oare nu observ\u0103 simptomele. La unele persoane, exist\u0103 o umflare în partea frontal\u0103 a gâtului, Alte simptome comune sunt:<\/p>\n

oboseal\u0103, sl\u0103biciune<\/p>\n

intoleran\u021b\u0103 la frig<\/p>\n

cre\u0219tere în greutate<\/p>\n

somnolen\u021b\u0103<\/p>\n

pierderea memoriei<\/p>\n

dureri de mu\u0219chi<\/p>\n

constipa\u021bie<\/p>\n

sângerare menstrual\u0103 prelungit\u0103<\/p>\n

libido sc\u0103zut<\/p>\n

Form\u0103 sever\u0103 de hipotiroidism numit mixedem, care poate duce la com\u0103 \u0219i chiar deces.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauze<\/h2>\n

Cauza bolii este necunoscut\u0103. Nu se \u0219tie de ce sistemul imunitar produce anticorpi care atac\u0103 glanda tiroid\u0103. Unii sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 poate provocat\u0103 de un virus, bacterie, alte situa\u021bii autoimune, sau chiar factori ereditari, sex \u0219i vârst\u0103.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Factori de risc<\/h2>\n

De\u0219i cauzele bolii sunt necunoscute, urm\u0103torii factorii pot cre\u0219te riscul apari\u021biei ei:<\/p>\n

sexul, la femei are inciden\u021b\u0103 mai mare<\/p>\n

ereditate<\/p>\n

alte boli autoimune cum ar fi, diabetul de tipul 1, lupus, artrit\u0103 reumatoid\u0103, boala celiac\u0103.<\/p>\n

consumul prea mare de iod (conform unor cercet\u0103tori care sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 iodul poate inhiba producerea de hormoni tiroidieni la unele persoane).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Complica\u021bii<\/h2>\n

Complica\u021biile de la hipotiroidism apar dac\u0103 nu sunt tratate. În acest caz, acestea vor fi:<\/p>\n

umflarea constant\u0103 a p\u0103r\u021bii frontale a gâtului din cauza glandei m\u0103rite<\/p>\n

probleme de inim\u0103 din cauza nivelului LDL sc\u0103zut (”colesterol nepotrivit”)<\/p>\n

depresie<\/p>\n

defecte din na\u0219tere, în cazul mamei îns\u0103rcinate care nu trateaz\u0103 hipotiroidismul<\/p>\n

mixedem (intoleran\u021b\u0103 intens\u0103 la frig, somnolen\u021b\u0103, letargie, incon\u0219tien\u021b\u0103)<\/p>\n

în cazuri rare, cancerul de tiroid\u0103 sau limfomul tiroidian pot ap\u0103rea.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-70586","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nBoala Hashimoto (hipotiroidism) - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Boala Hashimoto (hipotiroidism) - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Boala Hashimoto (hipotiroidism)   Boala Hashimoto sau hipotiroidismul, este o boal\u0103 autoimun\u0103, când sistemul atac\u0103 glanda tiroid\u0103. Când este atacat\u0103, aceast\u0103 gland\u0103 nu reproduce suficiente niveluri de hormoni care controleaz\u0103 activit\u0103\u021bile. Glanda tiroidian\u0103 este localizat\u0103 sub laringe. 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