{"id":70531,"date":"2017-05-17T12:52:28","date_gmt":"2017-05-17T12:52:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/encefalita\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:45:18","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:45:18","slug":"encefalita","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/diseases\/encefalita\/","title":{"rendered":"Encefalita"},"content":{"rendered":"

Encefalita este o afec\u021biune grav\u0103 care provoac\u0103 inflama\u021bia creierului. Acesta este cel mai frecvent cauzat de infec\u021biile virale \u0219i apare mai des în primul an de via\u021b\u0103 \u0219i scade odat\u0103 cu vârsta. În func\u021bie de severitatea st\u0103rii individului, encefalita poate provoca simptome variind de la febr\u0103, durere de cap \u0219i sensibilitate muscular\u0103 pân\u0103 la confuzie, convulsii \u0219i paralizie. Deoarece encefalita este o condi\u021bie imprevizibil\u0103, este important s\u0103 ob\u021bine\u021bi un diagnostic adecvat \u0219i s\u0103 solicita\u021bi asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103 cât mai curând posibil.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome<\/h2>\n

Majoritatea persoanelor cu encefalit\u0103 viral\u0103 nu au nici simptome, nici simptome asem\u0103n\u0103toare gripei, cum ar fi:<\/p>\n

·       Cefalee u\u0219oar\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Temperatur\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Tendin\u021ba muscular\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Oboseal\u0103<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

În cazurile mai severe de encefalit\u0103, semnele \u0219i simptomele pot include:<\/p>\n

·       Sl\u0103biciune muscular\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Pierderea con\u0219tiin\u021bei<\/p>\n

·       Vedere înce\u021bo\u0219at\u0103 sau dubl\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Paralizie<\/p>\n

·       Convulsii<\/p>\n

·       Confuzie sau halucina\u021bii<\/p>\n

·       Disconfortul vorbelor<\/p>\n

·       Afectarea auzului<\/p>\n

·       Percep\u021bia fa\u021b\u0103 de mirosuri<\/p>\n

·       Semnele \u0219i simptomele la sugari \u0219i copii mici pot include \u0219i:<\/p>\n

·       Umflarea în locurile moi ale craniului la sugari<\/p>\n

·       Boal\u0103\/v\u0103rs\u0103turi<\/p>\n

·       Tendin\u021ba muscular\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Senza\u021bie de plâns distrac\u021bie\/persisten\u021b\u0103\/iritabilitate<\/p>\n

·       Pierderea poftei de mâncare<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauze<\/h2>\n

Encefalita este cel mai adesea cauzat\u0103 de o infec\u021bie viral\u0103. Expunerea la viru\u0219i poate ap\u0103rea prin:<\/p>\n

·       Respira\u021bia în pic\u0103turile respiratorii de la un individ infectat<\/p>\n

·       Consumul sau consumul de alimente sau ap\u0103 contaminate<\/p>\n

·       În\u0163ep\u0103turi de \u021bân\u021bari sau gândaci<\/p>\n

·       Contact cu pielea<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Alte cauze ale encefalitei pot include urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n

·       Reac\u021bia alergic\u0103 la vaccin\u0103ri<\/p>\n

·       Boala autoimun\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Bacterii<\/p>\n

·       Parazi\u021bi<\/p>\n

·       Efectele unor afec\u021biuni cum ar fi cancerul<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Factori de risc<\/h2>\n

Oricine poate dezvolta encefalita. Factorii care pot cre\u0219te riscul apari\u021biei encefalitelor includ urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n

·       Vârst\u0103: mai frecvent\u0103 la copii mici \u0219i adul\u021bi mai în vârst\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Sistem imunitar slab: având anumite boli cum ar fi HIV sau SIDA<\/p>\n

·       Loca\u021bii geografice: mai frecvente în regiunile care sunt predispuse la viru\u0219i<\/p>\n

·       Timpul anului: mai frecvente în prim\u0103var\u0103, var\u0103 \u0219i începutul toamnei<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Complica\u021bii<\/h2>\n

Eventualele complica\u021bii care ar putea ap\u0103rea din cauza encefalitei severe includ urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n

·       Oboseala extrem\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Mi\u015fcarea muscular\u0103 sl\u0103bit\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Modific\u0103ri în personalitate \u0219i comportament<\/p>\n

·       Pierderea memoriei<\/p>\n

·       Afectarea auzului<\/p>\n

·       Disconfortul vorbelor<\/p>\n

·       Paralizie<\/p>\n

·       Epilepsie<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Prevenirea<\/h2>\n

Câteva recomand\u0103ri pentru prevenirea riscului de apari\u021bie a encefalitelor includ:<\/p>\n

·       Practicarea bunei igiene<\/p>\n

·       Ob\u021binerea vaccin\u0103rilor (pentru rujeola, oreion \u0219i rubeol\u0103)<\/p>\n

·       Sp\u0103la\u021bi corespunz\u0103tor \u0219i evita\u021bi folosirea vesel\u0103 comun\u0103<\/p>\n

·       Îmbr\u0103c\u0103minte în echipament de protec\u021bie în aer liber<\/p>\n

·       Stârpirea a \u021bân\u021barilor când este necesar<\/p>\n

·       Folosind insecticid recomandat de EPA<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-70531","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nEncefalita - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Encefalita - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Encefalita este o afec\u021biune grav\u0103 care provoac\u0103 inflama\u021bia creierului. Acesta este cel mai frecvent cauzat de infec\u021biile virale \u0219i apare mai des în primul an de via\u021b\u0103 \u0219i scade odat\u0103 cu vârsta. 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