{"id":70504,"date":"2017-05-17T12:09:54","date_gmt":"2017-05-17T12:09:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/nanismul\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:44:54","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:44:54","slug":"nanismul","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/diseases\/nanismul\/","title":{"rendered":"Nanismul"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nanismul este definit ca o afec\u021biune genetic\u0103 sau medical\u0103 în cazul în care un adult este o persoan\u0103 de statur\u0103 mic\u0103 147cm sau mai pu\u021bin. În\u0103l\u021bimea medie a adul\u021bilor în rândul persoanelor cu nanism este de 122 cm. Condi\u021biile medicale prezente la na\u015ftere sau care apar în timpul cre\u0219teri globale limiteaz\u0103 timpuriu \u0219i dezvoltarea. Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 categorii în care nanismul este împ\u0103r\u021bit în:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Exist\u0103 dou\u0103 categorii pe care nanism este împ\u0103r\u021bit în:<\/p>\n

Nanism dispropor\u021bionat<\/strong>; O condi\u021bie în care anumite p\u0103r\u021bi ale corpului sunt mici \u0219i altele sunt de dimensiuni medii sau de dimensiuni mai mari decât cele medii<\/p>\n

Nanismul propor\u021bional<\/strong>; O condi\u021bie în care toate p\u0103r\u021bile corpului sunt mici, la rândul lor, f\u0103când corpul s\u0103 par\u0103 propor\u021bional mic<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome<\/h2>\n

Semnele \u0219i simptomele de nanism dispropor\u021bionat includ:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Membre scurte<\/li>\n
  • Dimensiune medie sau trunchi scurt<\/li>\n
  • Cap dispropor\u021bionat de mare<\/li>\n
  • Mobilitate limitat\u0103 la nivelul coatelor<\/li>\n
  • în\u0103l\u021bime a adul\u021bilor de aproximativ 4 picioare (122 cm)<\/li>\n
  • Dezvoltarea progresiv\u0103 a picioarelor plecate <\/li>\n
  • Dezvoltarea progresiv\u0103 a spatelui inferior înclinat<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Semnele \u0219i simptomele nanism propor\u021bional includ<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • În\u0103l\u021bimea inferioar\u0103 celui de-al treilea percentil pe tabele standard de cre\u0219tere pediatric\u0103<\/li>\n
    • Rata de cre\u0219tere mai mic\u0103 <\/li>\n
    • Încetinirea sexual\u0103 încetine\u015fte sau nu în timpul adolescen\u0163ei<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Cauzele nanismului<\/h2>\n

      Majoritatea condi\u021biilor legate de nanism sunt tulbur\u0103rile genetice, care rezult\u0103 din muta\u021bia genetic\u0103 în sperma tat\u0103lui s\u0103u în ovul mamei, dar cauzele unor tulbur\u0103ri ce r\u0103mân necunoscute. Cea mai frecvent\u0103 cauz\u0103 a nanismului este o afec\u021biune numit\u0103 achondroplasie, care provoac\u0103 statur\u0103 dispropor\u021bionat de scurt\u0103. Un individ cu achondroplasie a primit cel mai probabil o copie mutant\u0103 a genei asociate cu tulburarea \u0219i o copie normal\u0103.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Alte cauze posibile pot include:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Turner: o afec\u021biune care afecteaz\u0103 doar fe\u0163ele \u0219i femeile \u0219i are ca rezultat cromozomul sexual (cromozomul X) lipse\u0219te total sau par\u021bial<\/li>\n
      • Deficit de hormon de cre\u0219tere <\/li>\n
      • Malnutri\u021bie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Complica\u021bii<\/h2>\n

        Complica\u021biile nanismului dispropor\u021bionat pot include:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Înclinarea picioarelor<\/li>\n
        • Apnee de somn<\/li>\n
        • Excesul de lichid în jurul creierului<\/li>\n
        • Presiune asupra m\u0103duvei spin\u0103rii<\/li>\n
        • Dezvoltarea lent\u0103 în abilit\u0103\u021bile motorii<\/li>\n
        • Frecvente infec\u021bii ale urechii<\/li>\n
        • Cre\u0219tere în greutate<\/li>\n
        • sec\u021biune C (pentru femeile îns\u0103rcinate cu nanism dispropor\u021bionat)<\/li>\n
        • Complica\u021biile nanismului propor\u021bional pot include:<\/li>\n
        • Organe slab dezvoltate (probleme cardiace)<\/li>\n
        • Absen\u021ba maturiz\u0103rii sexuale<\/li>\n
        • Deficit de hormon de cre\u0219tere<\/li>\n
        • Slab\u0103 interac\u021biune social\u0103 sau izolare <\/li>\n
        • Stima de sine sc\u0103zut\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-70504","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nNanismul - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nanismul - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nanismul este definit ca o afec\u021biune genetic\u0103 sau medical\u0103 în cazul în care un adult este o persoan\u0103 de statur\u0103 mic\u0103 147cm sau mai pu\u021bin. În\u0103l\u021bimea medie a adul\u021bilor în rândul persoanelor cu nanism este de 122 cm. Condi\u021biile medicale prezente la na\u015ftere sau care apar în timpul cre\u0219teri globale limiteaz\u0103 timpuriu \u0219i dezvoltarea. 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