{"id":70385,"date":"2017-05-23T13:48:36","date_gmt":"2017-05-23T13:48:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/hepatita-autoimuna\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T02:43:09","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T02:43:09","slug":"hepatita-autoimuna","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/diseases\/hepatita-autoimuna\/","title":{"rendered":"Hepatita autoimun\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hepatita autoimun\u0103 este inflama\u021bia ficatului care apare atunci când sistemul imunitar al organismului atac\u0103 ficatul. Cauza hepatitei autoimune nu este clar\u0103, dar poate ap\u0103rea ca rezultat al unor boli, toxine \u0219i medicamente \u0219i afecteaz\u0103 în special femeile.
\nDac\u0103 nu este tratat\u0103, hepatita autoimun\u0103 poate deteriora ficatul (ciroza) care poate provoca în cele din urm\u0103 insuficien\u021ba hepatic\u0103. Când este diagnosticat\u0103 \u0219i tratat\u0103 devreme, totu\u0219i, hepatita autoimun\u0103 poate fi adesea controlat\u0103 cu ajutorul medicamentelor care suprim\u0103 sistemul imunitar. Un transplant de ficat poate fi o op\u021biune atunci când hepatita autoimun\u0103 nu r\u0103spunde la tratamentele medicamentoase sau atunci când boala hepatic\u0103 a progresat.<\/p>\n

Au fost identificate dou\u0103 forme principale de hepatit\u0103 autoimun\u0103:
\nTipul 1 (clasic) de hepatit\u0103 autoimun\u0103. Acesta este cel mai frecvent tip de boal\u0103. Poate s\u0103 apar\u0103 la orice vârst\u0103. Aproximativ jum\u0103tate din persoanele cu hepatit\u0103 autoimun\u0103 de tip 1 au \u0219i alte afec\u021biuni autoimune, cum ar fi tiroidita, artrita reumatoid\u0103 sau colita ulcerativ\u0103.
\nTipul 2 de hepatit\u0103 autoimun\u0103. De\u0219i adul\u021bii pot dezvolta hepatit\u0103 autoimun\u0103 de tip 2, aceasta apare cel mai frecvent la fete tinere, adesea cu alte probleme de imunitate.<\/p>\n

\nSimptome<\/h2>\n

Simptomele hepatitei autoimune pot varia de la cele minore la cele severe \u0219i pot s\u0103 apar\u0103 brusc sau s\u0103 se dezvolte în timp. Unii oameni au foarte pu\u021bine probleme resim\u021bite în stadiile incipiente ale bolii, în timp ce al\u021bii experimenteaz\u0103 semne \u0219i simptome care pot include:
\nDisconfort abdominal
\nOboseal\u0103
\nDureri articulare
\nMânc\u0103rimi (prurit)
\nÎng\u0103lbenirea pielii \u0219i a albului ochilor (icter)
\nUn ficat m\u0103rit
\nVase de sânge anormale pe piele (angioame p\u0103ianjen)
\nGrea\u021b\u0103 \u0219i v\u0103rs\u0103turi
\nPierderea poftei de mâncare
\nIrita\u021bii ale pielii
\nUrina de culoare închis\u0103<\/p>\n

La femei, pierderea menstrua\u021biei.<\/p>\n

\nCauze<\/h2>\n

Hepatita autoimun\u0103 apare atunci când sistemul imunitar al organismului, în loc s\u0103 atace virusuri, bacterii \u0219i al\u021bi agen\u021bi patogeni, atac\u0103 ficatul. Acest atac poate duce la o inflama\u021bie cronic\u0103 \u0219i la afectarea grav\u0103 a celulelor hepatice. Nu este clar de ce organismul se întoarce împotriva lui însu\u0219i. Se crede c\u0103 hepatita autoimun\u0103 ar putea fi cauzat\u0103 de o interac\u021biune între mai mul\u021bi factori de risc, cum ar fi infec\u021biile, medicamentele \u0219i o predispozi\u021bie genetic\u0103.<\/p>\n

\nFactori de risc<\/h2>\n

Factorii care pot spori riscul de hepatit\u0103 autoimun\u0103 includ:
\nUn istoric al anumitor infec\u021bii.<\/p>\n

Sexul feminin. Boala este mult mai frecvent\u0103 la femei.
\nVârsta. Tipul 1 de hepatit\u0103 autoimun\u0103 poate ap\u0103rea la orice vârst\u0103. Tipul 2 afecteaz\u0103 în primul rând fetele tinere.
\nUtilizarea anumitor medicamente. Anumite medicamente ca minociclin\u0103 antibiotic \u0219i medicamentul pentru colesterol, Atorvastatin\u0103 au fost asociate cu hepatita autoimun\u0103.
\nEreditatea. O predispozi\u021bie la hepatit\u0103 autoimun\u0103 poate s\u0103 apar\u0103 în familie.<\/p>\n

O afec\u021biune deja prezent\u0103 generat\u0103 de o boal\u0103 autoimun\u0103.<\/p>\n

\nComplica\u0163ii<\/h2>\n

Hepatita autoimun\u0103 poate fi asociat\u0103 cu o varietate de alte boli autoimune, printre care:
\nAnemie pernicioas\u0103.
\nAnemie hemolitic\u0103.
\nColit\u0103 ulcerativ\u0103.
\nTiroidit\u0103 autoimun\u0103 (tiroidita Hashimoto).
\nArtrita reumatoid\u0103.
\nBoala celiac\u0103.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Profilaxie<\/h2>\n

Ciroza reprezint\u0103 deteriorarea ficatului \u0219i cre\u0219te riscul de hepatit\u0103 \u0219i cancer la ficat. Riscul de ciroz\u0103 poate fi redus prin:
\nUtiliza\u021bi cu pruden\u021b\u0103 substan\u021bele chimice.
\nConsuma\u021bi alcool în mod moderat sau deloc.
\nMen\u021bine\u021bi o greutate s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-70385","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nHepatita autoimun\u0103 - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hepatita autoimun\u0103 - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hepatita autoimun\u0103 este inflama\u021bia ficatului care apare atunci când sistemul imunitar al organismului atac\u0103 ficatul. Cauza hepatitei autoimune nu este clar\u0103, dar poate ap\u0103rea ca rezultat al unor boli, toxine \u0219i medicamente \u0219i afecteaz\u0103 în special femeile. 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