{"id":76269,"date":"2017-03-28T11:25:51","date_gmt":"2017-03-28T11:25:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/cure\/anticorpi-mitocondriali\/"},"modified":"2017-03-28T11:25:51","modified_gmt":"2017-03-28T11:25:51","slug":"anticorpi-mitocondriali","status":"publish","type":"cure","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/ro\/treatments\/anticorpi-mitocondriali\/","title":{"rendered":"Anticorpi mitocondriali"},"content":{"rendered":"

Anticorpi mitocondriali<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ce sunt anticorpii mitocondriali?<\/h2>\n

Anticorpii mitocondriali (AMA sau anticorpii anti-mitocondriali) sunt anticorpii direc\u021biona\u021bi împotriva unui antigen al membranei mitocondriale interne. Între 95 – 98% dintre pacien\u021bii cu ciroz\u0103 biliar\u0103 primar\u0103 (PBC) au anticorpi auto în sânge care reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu alinierea interioar\u0103 a mitocondriei. Ace\u0219ti anticorpi auto sunt numi\u021bi anticorpi anti-mitocondriali (AMA). Mitocondria este energia care este prezent\u0103 în interiorul tuturor celulelor, nu doar în celulele c\u0103ii biliare sau ficatului. Mitocondria folose\u0219te oxigenul care este purtat în sânge prin pl\u0103mâni ca \u0219i combustibil pentru generarea energiei. Anticorpii mitocondriale se leag\u0103 de antigenii protein\u0103 care sunt con\u021binu\u021bi de complexele de multienzime sau de pachetele de enzime care se afl\u0103 în interiorul alinierii interioare ale mitocondriei. Reac\u021biile chimice cheie necesare pentru via\u021b\u0103 sunt aceste complexe foarte importante de multienzime. Sunt cunoscute ca un complex de multienzime din moment ce sunt alc\u0103tuite din mai multe unit\u0103\u021bi enzimatice.<\/p>\n

Ace\u0219ti anticorpi mitocondriali specifici reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 împotriva unei componente a complexului de multienzime cunoscut\u0103 ca E2. Pacien\u021bii care au ciroz\u0103 biliar\u0103 primar\u0103 (PBC), ace\u0219ti anticorpi mitocondriali reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu componenta E2 a uneia dintre multienzime care este cunoscut\u0103 ca \u0219i complexul piruvat dehidrogenaz\u0103 (PDC).<\/p>\n

 <\/h2>\n

De ce se m\u0103soar\u0103 nivelul anticorpilor mitocondriali?<\/h2>\n

Prezen\u021ba anticorpilor mitocondriali din sânge sau serul uman, pot indica prezen\u021ba \u0219i\/sau poten\u021bialul de dezvolta boala autoimun\u0103 cunoscut\u0103 ca ciroza biliar\u0103 primar\u0103 (PBC). PBC provoac\u0103 în mod normal cicatrizarea \u021besutului ficatului din corp, \u0219i este de obicei limitat\u0103 la sistemul de drenaj al c\u0103ii biliare. Exist\u0103 mai mul\u021bi antigeni care sunt asocia\u021bi cu anticorpii mitocondriali, care au fost identifica\u021bi \u0219i sunt dup\u0103 cum urmeaz\u0103: M1 – cardiolipinic, M2 – complexul acid dehidrogenaz\u0103 alfa keto, M3 – membrana mitocondrial\u0103 extern\u0103, M4 –  sulfit oxidaz\u0103, M5 – membrana mitocondrial\u0103 extern\u0103, M6 – membrana mitocondrial\u0103 extern\u0103, M7 – dehidrogenaz\u0103 sarcozin\u0103, M8 – membran\u0103 mitocondrial\u0103 extern\u0103, M9 – glicogen fosforilaza.<\/p>\n

Anticorpii acestor antigeni specifici au fost asocia\u021bi cu un num\u0103r de condi\u021bii, antigenii M2, M4, M8 \u0219i M9 sunt asocia\u021bi cu ciroza biliar\u0103 primar\u0103, în timp ce M2 este asociat cu hepatita autoimun\u0103, M3 este conectat cu lupus eritematos indus de medicamente, M1 cu hepatita autoimuna, M6 este hepatita indus\u0103 prin medicamente, M7 cu cardiomiopatia \u0219i miocardita, M5 cu lupus eritematos sistemic, colagenoza nediferen\u021biat\u0103 \u0219i anemia hemolitic\u0103 autoimun\u0103. Se observ\u0103 c\u0103 aceste asocieri nu sunt complet specifice \u0219i nu ar trebui s\u0103 fie de încredere doar în diagnosticare.<\/p>\n

Ciroza biliar\u0103 primar\u0103 este prezent\u0103 în mod normal \u0219i observat\u0103 la femeile de vârst\u0103 mijlocie, \u0219i la acei pacien\u021bi care sunt bolnavi de boli autoimune. La insuficien\u021ba hepatic\u0103 acut\u0103, anticorpii mitocondriali sunt g\u0103si\u021bi împotriva tuturor antigenilor ficatului, cum ar fi: piruvatul dehidrogenaz\u0103, subunit\u0103\u021bile E2, dehidrogenaza 2 oxo acid, \u0219i 2 – oxoglutarat dehidrogenaz\u0103.<\/p>\n

 <\/h2>\n

Standarde de preg\u0103tire<\/h2>\n

Recoltarea de probe este efectuat\u0103 diminea\u021ba, la spital. Doctorul v\u0103 va recomanda dac\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 nu mânca\u021bi înainte de examinare. Asigura\u021bi-v\u0103 c\u0103 informa\u021bi doctorul în leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu orice tip de medicamente pe care le lua\u021bi deoarece acestea ar putea afecta rezultatele examin\u0103rii.<\/p>\n

 <\/h2>\n

Este aceast\u0103 examinare dureroas\u0103 sau periculoas\u0103?<\/h2>\n

Examinarea nu este nici dureroas\u0103, nici periculoas\u0103. Pacientul poate sim\u021bi o senza\u021bie de usturime la intrarea acului în mân\u0103, pentru recoltarea sângelui.<\/p>\n

 <\/h2>\n

Cum este efectuat\u0103 examinarea?<\/h2>\n

Examinarea este realizat\u0103 printr-o simpl\u0103 analiz\u0103 de sânge.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-76269","cure","type-cure","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nAnticorpi mitocondriali - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Anticorpi mitocondriali - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Anticorpi mitocondriali   Ce sunt anticorpii mitocondriali? Anticorpii mitocondriali (AMA sau anticorpii anti-mitocondriali) sunt anticorpii direc\u021biona\u021bi împotriva unui antigen al membranei mitocondriale interne. Între 95 – 98% dintre pacien\u021bii cu ciroz\u0103 biliar\u0103 primar\u0103 (PBC) au anticorpi auto în sânge care reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu alinierea interioar\u0103 a mitocondriei. Ace\u0219ti anticorpi auto sunt numi\u021bi anticorpi anti-mitocondriali (AMA). 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