The term vertigo indicates a condition of imbalance, characterized by the feeling that the surrounding environment revolves around those who are affected, resulting in a state of confusion and instability, which is felt even if you are sitting.
The so-called “head turning” often lasts only a few seconds and passes spontaneously, but sometimes it can last for hours or even days, worsening with the movement of the head or a simple cough.
But what is the cause of vertigo and how is it treated? We talk about this issue with Dr. Stefano Miceli, Otorhinolaryngologist in Humanitas.
The most common causes
The feeling of confusion and instability caused by dizziness can be linked to various factors, such as:
- Vestibular disorders (problems with the inner ear – site of the labyrinth, the balance organ – and the nervous system)
- Migraine
- Cranial traumas due to accidental falls
- Cerebral hemorrhages
- Stroke
- Meniere’s syndrome
Dizziness is often associated with headaches, nausea, vomiting, visual problems, weakness, and increased heartbeat.
What to do in case of dizziness?
The most appropriate treatment for dizziness is related to the cause of the dizziness. Targeted medications are prescribed in the most serious situations. At other times, for example, when the otoliths, the crystals inside the ear, have moved from their seat, the doctor performs a special maneuver – the so-called “Epley maneuver” – to reposition the crystals and eliminate the disturbance. In cases of dizziness following head injuries due to falls, rehabilitative therapy is used to restore body balance.
For those suffering from dizziness, pay attention to falls
Those who suffer from dizziness can take some precautions to avoid getting hurt in case of a fall:
- Practice regular physical activity to strengthen your muscles and improve your body’s balance.
- Always use the handrail when using ladders.
- Remove any obstacles from your apartment, which may be dangerous in case of a fall, such as carpets, stools.
- Wear shoes with a low heel and non-slip soles.
- The bathtub or shower should be equipped with handles.
- Light up the rooms in your home if you get up at night.
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