{"id":72375,"date":"2019-01-30T13:13:59","date_gmt":"2019-01-30T13:13:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitasnet-new.local\/malattie\/thyroidite-de-hashimoto-hypothyroidie\/"},"modified":"2025-01-13T03:11:30","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T03:11:30","slug":"thyroidite-de-hashimoto-hypothyroidie","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/humanitas-net.humweb.webiz.team\/fr\/diseases\/thyroidite-de-hashimoto-hypothyroidie\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0 Thyro\u00efdite de Hashimoto (Hypothyro\u00efdie)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

La Thyro\u00efdite de Hashimoto, ou hypothyro\u00efdie, est une maladie auto-immune lorsque le syst\u00e8me immunitaire attaque la glande thyro\u00efde. Lorsqu’elle est attaqu\u00e9e, cette glande ne produit pas suffisamment d’hormones qui contr\u00f4lent de nombreuses activit\u00e9s. La glande thyro\u00efde est situ\u00e9e sous le larynx.<\/span><\/p>\n

La thyro\u00efde fabrique deux hormones thyro\u00efdiennes : la triiodothyronine (T3) et la thyroxine (T4). Les hormones thyro\u00efdiennes contr\u00f4lent le m\u00e9tabolisme, le d\u00e9veloppement du cerveau, la respiration, les fonctions du c\u0153ur et du syst\u00e8me nerveux, la temp\u00e9rature corporelle, la force musculaire, la s\u00e9cheresse cutan\u00e9e, les cycles menstruels, le poids et le taux de cholest\u00e9rol.<\/span><\/p>\n

L’hormone thyr\u00e9ostimulante (TSH), produite par l’hypophyse du cerveau, r\u00e9gule la production d’hormones thyro\u00efdiennes. Lorsque le taux d’hormones thyro\u00efdiennes dans le sang est bas, l’hypophyse lib\u00e8re plus de TSH. Lorsque les taux d’hormones thyro\u00efdiennes sont \u00e9lev\u00e9s, l’hypophyse diminue la production de TSH.<\/span><\/p>\n

La thyro\u00efdite de Hashimoto est plus fr\u00e9quente chez les femmes d’\u00e2ge moyen, bien qu’elle puisse survenir \u00e0 tout \u00e2ge et chez les hommes et les enfants.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sympt\u00f4mes<\/span><\/h2>\n

Les sympt\u00f4mes de la thyro\u00efdite de Hashimoto se d\u00e9veloppent lentement, peut-\u00eatre pendant des ann\u00e9es. Les cas l\u00e9gers peuvent ne pas remarquer les sympt\u00f4mes. Chez certaines personnes, il peut y avoir un gonflement devant la gorge. D’autres sympt\u00f4mes courants comprennent :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Fatigue, faiblesse<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Intol\u00e9rance au froid<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Prise de poids<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Somnolence<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Perte de m\u00e9moire<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Douleurs musculaires <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Constipation<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Saignements menstruels prolong\u00e9s<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Diminution de la libido<\/span><\/p>\n

La forme grave d’hypothyro\u00efdie est appel\u00e9e myx\u0153d\u00e8me, qui peut entra\u00eener le coma et m\u00eame la mort.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Causes<\/span><\/h2>\n

La cause de la Thyro\u00efdite de Hashimoto est inconnue. On ne sait pas pourquoi le syst\u00e8me immunitaire produit des anticorps pour attaquer la glande thyro\u00efde. Certains sugg\u00e8rent qu’elle peut \u00eatre caus\u00e9e par un virus, une bact\u00e9rie, une autre maladie auto-immune ou m\u00eame un facteur h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaire, le sexe et l’\u00e2ge.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Facteurs de risque<\/span><\/h2>\n

Bien que les causes de la Thyro\u00efdite de Hashimoto soient inconnues, les facteurs suivants peuvent augmenter le risque de d\u00e9velopper cette maladie :<\/span><\/p>\n

Le genre, \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 que les femmes ont une incidence plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e9r\u00e9dit\u00e9<\/span><\/h2>\n

Autres maladies auto-immunes comme le diab\u00e8te de type 1, le lupus, la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde, la maladie c\u0153liaque, l’h\u00e9patite auto-immune<\/span><\/p>\n

Consommer trop d’iode (selon certains chercheurs qui sugg\u00e8rent que l’iode pourrait inhiber la production d’hormones thyro\u00efdiennes chez certaines personnes)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Complications<\/span><\/h2>\n

Des complications de l’hypothyro\u00efdie peuvent survenir si elle n’est pas trait\u00e9e. Dans ce cas, celles-ci comprennent :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Enflure constante \u00e0 l’avant du cou en raison de l’hypertrophie de la glande mammaire<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Probl\u00e8mes cardiaques dus \u00e0 un faible taux de LDL (“mauvais” cholest\u00e9rol)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>D\u00e9pression<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Malformations cong\u00e9nitales, dans le cas o\u00f9 les femmes enceintes ne traitent pas leur hypothyro\u00efdie<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Myx\u0153d\u00e8me (intol\u00e9rance intense au froid, somnolence, l\u00e9thargie, inconfort)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span>Dans de rares cas, un cancer de la thyro\u00efde ou un lymphome thyro\u00efdien peut se d\u00e9velopper<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-72375","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00a0 Thyro\u00efdite de Hashimoto (Hypothyro\u00efdie) - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00a0 Thyro\u00efdite de Hashimoto (Hypothyro\u00efdie) - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La Thyro\u00efdite de Hashimoto, ou hypothyro\u00efdie, est une maladie auto-immune lorsque le syst\u00e8me immunitaire attaque la glande thyro\u00efde. Lorsqu’elle est attaqu\u00e9e, cette glande ne produit pas suffisamment d’hormones qui contr\u00f4lent de nombreuses activit\u00e9s. La glande thyro\u00efde est situ\u00e9e sous le larynx. 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